基于外泌体的质谱临床诊断新方法研究

由于恶性肿瘤面临发现不及时、晚期治疗方法和疗效有限等问题，其早期诊断和治疗成为肿瘤疾病防控的重中之重。本项目针对癌症疾病的早期筛查和诊断这一重大需求，以外泌体为临床诊断的检测目标，利用MALDI-MS作为分子信息获取手段，建立高通量、高特异性的癌症诊断质谱新方法。主要包括：设计并合成新型纳米材料实现建立外泌体的均相和非均相高效捕获；利用非靶标模式建立疾病的质谱指纹图谱来；利用靶标模式建立外泌体高通量标志物质谱分析方法；结合生物信息学统计和机器学习算法，建立肿瘤诊断和预测模型并应用于临床样品的分析。期望我们的研究工作为肿瘤重大疾病的快速预警、诊断乃至预后追踪提供准确有效的质谱方法，进一步推动质谱在临床诊断中的深入发展和应用。

Since the delayed diagnosis of malignant tumors and the limited treatment and curative effects in the late stage, early diagnosis and treatment become the most important part of the prevention and control of cancer disease. This project is proposed to meet the major demand of early screening and diagnosis of cancer diseases. Using exosomes as the target of analysis, novel nanomaterials will be synthesized for specific and efficient capturing of exosome, and MALDI-MS, with non-target and target detection mode, will be performed for the high throughput acquisition of fingerprint map of exosome. Combining with machine learning algorithm, tumor diagnosis and prediction model will be established and applied in the clinical samples. Our research provides new technologies and methods for rapid screening, diagnosis and prognosis of cancer diseases, and will promote the in-depth development and application of mass spectrometry in clinical diagnosis.