油菜角果皮净光合速率主效QTLs的功能基因鉴定

通过改良光合性状来提高作物产量是现代农业科研的重要方向。以前对作物光合作用的研究主要集中在叶片上, 忽视了具有重要贡献的非叶光合器官；同时对光合自然遗传变异研究的不够重视也制约了人们对光合调控知识的了解。课题组前期研究证实油菜角果皮光合作用为种子发育提供主要碳源，并对含油量和千粒重贡献很大。本研究以油菜自然变异群体的角果皮为研究对象，利用全基因组关联分析和连锁分析在A9和C1染色体上检测出角果皮光合能力重要参数（净光合速率和其他关联性状）定位的2个主效位点；拟进一步在极端高/低光合材料构建的遗传群体BC5F3中运用图位克隆方法鉴定出该区域调控光合性状的候选基因；针对候选基因展开深入的功能分析，解析油菜光合相关性状的变异和遗传调控机理；为改良油菜光合效率提供理论基础，同时也为其它作物的光合研究提供借鉴。

Improving photosynthesis to increase crop yield is a way of key importance to scientific research of modern agriculture. Previous research on crop photosynthesis was mainly focused on leaves, while green non-foliar organs also made positive contribution to the overall carbon gain of plants. Meantime, research on natural genetic variation in photosynthesis hasn’t been paid essential attention, and this narrowed our understanding on the genetic regulation of this complex trait. In this study, silique wall from core germplasm populations of rapeseed were massively investigated for the data of photosynthetic character and their key agricultural traits. With combination of GWAS and linkage analysis, two major QTLs controlling silique wall photosynthesis (net photosynthetic rate and other related traits) were identified from A9 and C1 chromosome respectively. Map-based cloning will be conducted to identify candidate genes controlling photosynthesis using genetic population constructed from varieties with high/low photosynthetic efficiency. Further functional analysis of these candidate genes would allow greater understanding of the genetic regulation of photosynthesis and provide theoretic support for improving photosynthesis in rapeseed. And it could also offer valuable experience for photosynthetic research in other crops.