个体制度突破理论：基于本土实践的理论构建和检验

专业组织中个体的制度突破对整个场域的制度变革至关重要。现有研究主要关注“组织主体”的制度创业过程，而对制度创业早期阶段中个体的制度突破行为缺乏研究。“个体主体”的缺位，导致制度创业理论不能很好地解释为什么突破会发生，也不能指导组织的制度创新实践。基于医疗组织的实践观察和纵向案例研究，我们发现个体多重地位是制度突破的关键因素，并且通过地位转移和地位嫁接的路径调动资源，获取支持，实现制度突破。本项目目的是构建并检验个体制度突破理论，通过案例研究—模型检验—效果验证—行动研究的研究范式，主要研究（1）个体多重地位的非对称性对个体制度突破行为的影响；（2）分析地位转移和地位嫁接的中介作用，揭示占据不同地位的个体实现制度突破的路径；（3）评估不同的制度突破行为对个体绩效的影响，揭示个体制度突破的提升机制。本项目基于中国本土实践构建个体制度突破理论，推动制度理论前沿研究，指导我国医疗组织的变革实践。

The institution-breaking behavior of individuals in professional organizations is crucial to the institutional change in the field. The existing literatures mainly focus on institutional entrepreneurship at organization level, largely ignoring the institution-breaking behavior of individuals in the early stage of institutional entrepreneurship. The absence of "individual subject" fails to explain why breakthroughs occur and to guide the practice of institutional innovation in organizations. Based on the practice observation and longitudinal case study of medical organizations, we find that individual multiple status is the key factor in the process of institutional breakthrough, and status transfer and status grafting are two critical paths through which the actor can mobilize resources, obtain support and then achieve institutional breakthrough. The purpose of this project is to construct and test the individual institutional breakthrough theory through the research paradigm including case study - model test - effect evaluation - action research. The main research contents are as follows: (1) Examining the influence of the asymmetry of individual multiple status on the institution-breaking behavior of individuals; (2) Analyzing the mediating roles of status transfer and status grafting to reveal the path through which individuals with different status to realize the institutional breakthrough; (3) Evaluating the impact of institution-breaking behavior on individual performance. Based on the local practices of Chinese medical organizations, this project constructs the individual institutional breakthrough theory, which can promote the research on institutional theory, and guide the reform practice of medical organizations in China.