基于特勒格碱基聚磺酰胺耐酸纳滤膜的构筑及其分离机理与应用

酸性废水是我国生态环境的重点污染源，采用纳滤技术对酸性废水进行高效资源化处理契合国家水污染防治的重大战略需求，但面临普通聚（哌嗪-酰胺）商品纳滤膜耐酸性差、聚醚砜类耐酸商品纳滤膜分离渗透性低的技术瓶颈。本项目旨在构筑一种基于特勒格碱基的聚磺酰胺复合纳滤膜，使膜兼具耐酸、高渗透、高截留和高选择性的优良性能，以突破纳滤技术处理酸性废水的技术瓶颈。设计、合成几种基于特勒格碱基的二胺和四酚水相单体；匹配水油两相制膜单体结构，优化界面聚合工艺，探索单体分子结构和性质如分子大小、空间形状、反应性基团等对纳滤膜结构和性能的影响规律，建立相应的膜构效调变机制；采用分子模拟方法深入揭示特勒格碱基对纳滤膜选择渗透行为的作用机理，探明纳滤膜资源化处理酸洗废水的控制因素，指导高性能耐酸纳滤膜的可控制备。本项目有望为我国耐酸纳滤膜的创新发展提供新思路并创新新材料，为实现纳滤技术对酸性废水的高效资源化处理揭示新规律。

Acidic wastewater is a key source of pollution in Chinese ecological environment. The use of nanofiltration (NF) technology to efficiently treat acidic wastewater meets the major strategic needs of national water pollution prevention and control. However, it faces the technical bottleneck of both poor acid resistance of conventional commercialized poly (piperazine-amide) NF membrane and poor permeability and/or retention of commercialized acid stable polyethersulfone NF membrane. This project aims to develop a new high performance polysulfonamide NF composite membrane based on Tröger’s base to make its performances improved synchronously including favorable acid stability, high flux, high salt rejection and ideal separation selectivity, which is expected to reach breakthrough in the technical bottleneck of acidic wastewater treatment via NF technology. The diamine and tetraphenol monomers based on Tröger’s base will be designed and synthesized. The structure and nature of monomers in aqueous and organic phases and the interfacial polymerization process will be controlled and adjusted to explore their influences on the NF membrane structure and separation performance, and based on which the regulating mechanism of membrane structure-function relationship can be obtained. Furthermore, the molecular simulation will be used to reveal the possible mechanism of promoted transmission action with particular selectivity and permeability derived from the incorporation of Tröger Base in NF membrane, and the key controlling factor of acidic wastewater treatment via NF membrane will also be investigated. In summary, this present work will demonstrate a novel acid stable NF membrane incorporated with Tröger base, which will give a new light on the fabrication of high-performance NF membrane material and reveal a new raw of efficiently resourceful treatment of acidic wastewater through NF technology.