组态视角下合同柔性悖论的治理研究

合同柔性能有效应对工程项目的高不确定性，提高项目履约效率，然而合同柔性的多维矛盾特征导致项目绩效常常面临“双刃剑”效应引起的合同柔性悖论。基于悖论理论和组态分析范式，走出建设工程情境下合同柔性“双刃剑”效应困境，关键在于建立合同柔性悖论治理组态理论模型。本研究从合同柔性悖论的三维分析框架出发，采取质性和定量研究结合的混合研究策略揭示建设工程合同柔性“双刃剑”效应的影响因素、行为机理以及组合策略。研究内容包括：①采用跨案例扎根方法识别缔约和履约阶段诱发工程合同柔性双刃剑效应的关键影响要素；②依据工程合同柔性情境因素设计多组行为实验，以期建立合同柔性双刃剑效应的作用机理模型和边界条件；③构建合同柔性悖论有效治理组态模型，输出合同柔性悖论治理策略组态集，并考虑控制变量对治理策略选择的影响。研究成果为建设工程柔性合同事后治理提供了新的理论范式，也有助于业主方精准制定放大合同柔性积极效应的治理策略。

Generally speaking, the flexibility of contract can reduce uncertainty and improve performance efficiency of the project effectively. However, the multidimensional contradictory characteristics of contract flexibility usually led to contract flexibility paradox which focus on project performance influenced by the ‘double-edged sword’ effect. Based on the paradox theory and configuration analysis paradigm, the key to solving the dilemma of the ‘double-edged sword’ effect in condition of construction project, is to establish the governance configuration theory model of the paradox of contract flexibility. The research study a three-dimensional analysis framework of the paradox of contract flexibility, and adopts the mixed methodology combining qualitative and quantitative approaches to reveal the influencing factors, behavioral mechanisms and combinatorial strategies of the contract flexibility ‘double-edged sword’ effect. The study includes three sequential sections. First of all, it using the cross-case grounded method to identify the critical contradictory elements of the construction project contract flexibility paradox induced in the contracting and implementation stages. Secondly, it formulates behavior experiments to obtain the mechanism model of contract flexibility double-edged sword effect and boundary conditions through multi-group experiment with consideration of the general contract flexibility situational factors. Finally, it constructing effective management configuration model of contract flexibility paradox to output the governance strategy configuration set, and investigate the influence of control variables on governance strategy selection. The outcome could provide a new analytical paradigm for ex-post governance of flexible contracts, and also help owners formulate governance strategies to amplify the positive effects of contract flexibility accurately.