黑水虻降解转化抗生素的过程及其作用机制

环境中的抗生素污染已严重威胁生态安全和人类健康，生物降解和转化是抗生素污染治理的重要手段。相对传统微生物修复来说，黑水虻降解转化有机污染物具有修复效率高、生态足迹小和扩散风险低等独特优势。本项目拟以典型抗生素（青霉素、土霉素）为研究对象，分析黑水虻降解抗生素的代谢过程及抗生素迁移转化规律，建立抗生素降解的动力学过程模型；采用新兴分子生物学测试及蛋白质组学技术，分析降解抗生素过程中黑水虻幼虫肠道微生物群落特征、抗生素抗性基因及酶的变化情况；结合稳定同位素示踪及核酸探针技术，分析黑水虻肠道微生物及酶转化降解抗生素的功能，量化肠道微生物及酶的相对贡献，阐明黑水虻降解转化抗生素的过程及作用机制，为促进抗生素污染治理、废弃物资源化和保障环境生态安全提供科学依据。

Antibiotic pollution in the environment has been a serious threat to ecological security and human health, and biodegradation and transformation is an important means of antibiotic pollution control. Compared with traditional microbial remediation, using black solder fly larvae to degrade and transform antibiotics has unique advantages such as high remediation efficiency, low ecological footprint and low risk of proliferation. This project intends to take the typical antibiotics (penicillin and oxytetracycline) as the research object, analyze the metabolic process and the migration and transformation rules of antibiotics degraded by black solder fly larvae, and establish the kinetic model of the degradation of antibiotics; analyze the relationship between the microbial community characteristics, antibiotic resistance genes and enzymes in larval gut during degradation of antibiotics by using emerging molecular biology techniques and proteomics techniques; analyze the roles played by intestinal microorganism and enzyme in transformation and degradation of antibiotics, quantify the relative contribution of intestinal microorganism and enzyme, and clarify the process and mechanism of degradation and transformation of antibiotics by using the combined technologies of stable isotope tracer and nucleic acid probe. The successful implementation of this project will provide a scientific basis for promoting antibiotic pollution control and waste recycling and ensuring environmental and ecological security.