基于代谢组学的超微粉碎燕麦麸皮对肥胖小鼠肠道菌群及其脂代谢调节机制研究

燕麦是内蒙古地区重要的特色杂粮作物，燕麦麸皮作为燕麦加工的主要副产物，含有丰富的营养物质和大量的生物活性成分，燕麦麸皮的深加工越来越受到重视。超微粉碎作为食品加工新技术，应用于杂粮谷物能够提高原料的理化性能。本项目拟以燕麦麸皮为研究对象，通过考察超微粉碎处理对燕麦麸皮的理化特性、营养特性及抗氧化特性的影响，确定超微粉碎最佳参数；通过模拟体内胃肠道环境，研究超微粉碎燕麦麸皮经体外消化、发酵后的代谢产物、体外消化吸收率；通过构建肥胖小鼠模型，利用代谢组学研究燕麦麸皮对肥胖小鼠代谢物的影响，并通过 KEGG 通路分析关键代谢物的代谢通路，与关键脂代谢酶进行相关性分析；基于高通量测序手段分析肠道菌群的结构与组成，并探讨代谢物与肠道菌群的相关性，揭示超微粉碎燕麦麸皮对肥胖小鼠肠道菌群影响及其调节脂代谢机制，以期为超微粉碎技术在燕麦麸皮深加工产品中的应用提供科学依据。

Oat is an important special grain crop in Inner Mongolia. As the main by-product of oat processing, oat bran is rich in nutrients and various biologically active ingredients. The deep processing of oat bran has attracted increasing attention. As a new food processing technology applied to miscellaneous grains, superfine grinding can improve the physical and chemical properties of raw materials. In this project, oat bran was selected as the research object, and the optimal parameters of superfine grinding will be determined by investigating the effects of superfine grinding on the physical and chemical properties, nutritional features and antioxidant activities of oat bran. Meanwhile, the metabolites and digestibility of superfine grinding oat bran after in vitro digestion and fermentation will be studied by simulating the gastrointestinal environment of body. The metabolomics strategy will be used to study the effect of oat bran on the metabolites of obese mice, through constructing a mouse model of obesity. Also, the metabolic pathway of key metabolites and the correlation between key metabolites and main lipid metabolizing enzymes will be examined through KEGG pathway analysis. In addition, high-throughput sequencing will be carried out to further determine the structure and composition of intestinal flora and the correlation between metabolites and intestinal flora. Finally, our aim is to reveal the effect of superfine grinding oat bran on the intestinal flora in obese mice and its biological mechanism on mediating lipid metabolism. It is hoped to provide scientific evidences for the application of superfine grinding technology in oat bran deep-processing products.