自组装石墨烯复合阻燃材料阻燃环氧树脂性能研究

石墨烯在阻燃材料领域中有广泛的应用，但当将石墨烯单独用做阻燃剂时，由于层间较强的作用力，会导致其在基体中团聚，破坏材料的力学性能，同时也会导致材料阻燃性能的下降。基于此，本项目设计了自组装石墨烯复合型三元协效型阻燃体系。通过氧化石墨烯(GO)和层状双羟基金属氧化物(LDHs)的原位自组装，制备具有类似云母薄层片状的GO/LDHs仿生石墨烯复合材料，后者再与含P-N的小分子化合物进行自组装，得到仿生石墨烯复合阻燃材料，并将其应用于阻燃环氧树脂(EP)，在提高阻燃剂与EP的相容性的同时，进一步提高EP的阻燃、抑烟性能和力学性能，从而提高EP的使用性能。本项目将为石墨烯为主要阻燃组分的热固性塑料的阻燃研究提供普遍的方法，为改善热固性材料中因石墨烯的引入而导致的材料性能恶化的问题提供解决办法，也将为无卤低烟的热固性阻燃高分子材料的研究提供理论指导。

Graphene was widely used as flame retardant due to the unique two-dimension (2D) structure, mechanical and thermal properties. However, the mechanical performance as well as the flame retardant properties would suffer from the self-agglomerating of graphene layers because of the strong interlayer force when grapheme was singly applied to the flame retardant system, which will result in the decreasing of the mechanical as well as the flame retardant performance of the matrix. With the attention to improve the above defects, the project designed a ternary self-assemble synergetic flame retardant composites system based on grapheme. Firstly, grapheme oxide (GO) was in site self-assembled with layered double hydroxides (LDHs) to obtain the layered mica-like biomimetic GO/LDHs nanosheets. Secondary, the as-prepared nanosheets was then self-assembled with some phosphorus and nitrogen-containing monomers to provide the flame retardant grapheme composites. The composites were used as flame retardant for epoxy resins (EP) not only to improve the compatibility between the flame retardant and EP, but also to promote the flame retardancy as well as the smoke suppression performance of EP, and therefore, the application field of EP will be widely expanded through these treatments. The results from the project will provide general procedures for the research of flame retardant thermosetting plastics using graphene as the major flame retardant component. It can also give an answer to the performance deterioration of the flame retardant-containing materials when graphene was introduced to the matrix. Besides, the research will provides theoretical guidance for the research of low smoke and halogen-free thermosetting flame retardant polymers.