家蚕病原性微孢子虫感染特性和胚种传染机理研究

家蚕微粒子病是生物界一种典型的胚种传染性疾病，家蚕微孢子虫（Nosema bombycis，Nb）是家蚕微粒子病主要病原，但很多种微孢子虫都可以感染家蚕，给家蚕微粒子病防控增加很大难度,而且微孢子虫胚种传染机理还未清楚。本项目拟跟踪蚕种检疫过程收集家蚕病原性微孢子虫，对其分布、食下传染和胚种传染、种类及种群遗传关系等内容进行系统分析，系统评估家蚕病原性微孢子虫对蚕业生产的危害性；采用拉曼光谱技术鉴别各种对家蚕具有不同胚种传染力的微孢子虫的孢子内物质成分差异；采用转录组和蛋白组等技术分析家蚕体内不同种类微孢子虫的基因表达和分泌蛋白差异，并鉴定影响微孢子虫胚种传染力的基因和蛋白，解析微孢子虫胚种传染机制。通过本项目研究，旨在为完善蚕种生产微粒子病检疫方法提供依据，为建立阻断微孢子虫感染家蚕有效途径提供科学依据和理论参考，也为生物界防控微孢子虫病发生提供借鉴。

Silkworm pebrine is a typical disease that has transovarial transmission in biological field. Nosema bombycis is the main pathogen of silkworm pebrine, but more microsporidan can infect silkworm, that increase the difficulty fo the prevention and control of silkworm pebrine, and the transovarial transmission mechanism of pathogenic microsporidan of Bombyx mori remain poorly understood. In this project, the pathogenic microsporidan of Bombyx mori are collected from the samples in silkworm quarantine, the distribution, peroral infection and germinative infection of pathogenic microsporidan are investigated, and thier classification and genetic relationship are studied, that will take a system evaluation for the harmfulness of pathogenic microsporidan to sericulture. Raman spectroscopy are employed to monitor the material composition in the spore of microsporidan that have different germinative infectivity, the transcriptome and proteome technology are employed to analyse the gene expression and secretory protein of different microsporidan, respectively, that be for the gene and protein that are relation to the germinative infectivity, then can analyse the transovarial transmission mechanism of pathogenic microsporidan. The knowledge derived from this work will help us to perfect quarantine inspection of silkworm pebrine in eggs production, and provide scientific help to develop new treatments to block or reduce the microsporidian infection of host, and the results will also provide useful reference to control microsporidia disease in the biological field.