防治吉林寒区水稻主要病害的芽胞杆菌合成微生物菌群生防机制研究和产品开发

已有的生防机制研究局限于实验室控制条件下单一生防微生物的定殖、促生和抗病的研究，而缺乏在田间环境复杂条件下对生防微生物的定殖、抗菌代谢物原位表达和诱导抗性以及对根际微生物群落影响的研究。而且，新的微生物组学研究发现，菌群比单一微生物增加了生物多样性、稳定性及功能多样性。故在本项目中我们将利用青藏高原耐低温和抗逆性强的优良生防芽胞杆菌与吉林寒冷稻区芽胞杆菌为生防功能菌，选择根际优势细菌群的代表种为辅助菌，研究菌株之间互作类型对抗菌代谢物产生的影响，构建高产抗菌物质的生防芽胞杆菌合成微生物菌群。研究生防芽胞杆菌合成微生物菌群对根际微生物群落的影响，及其在水稻根部的定殖、抗菌代谢物原位产生和诱导水稻抗病性的能力。研究生防芽胞杆菌合成微生物菌群对吉林寒区水稻主要病害的防治效果并初步建立以生物防治为主的防控技术体系，为吉林水稻主要病害的防治提供绿色高效稳定的生防技术和产品。

The current biocontrol mechanism is mostly got from the studies on colonization, growth promotion and ISR of single biocontrol microbe under laboratory control conditions. This lacks the studies to proof their ability of colonization, in-situ production of antimicrobial metabolites, ISR and influence on rhizosphere microbial community under complex field conditions. In addition, the microbiome study found that the microbiota increased the biodiversity, stability and functional diversity compared with the single microorganism. In this project, we will use the excellent biocontrol bacillus from Qinghai-Tibet Plateau and the bacillus from Jilin cold rice cultivation area as the biocontrol functional bacteria, and select representative species of the dominant bacteria group in the rhizosphere of rice as the auxiliary bacteria, study the influence of the interaction type between the strains on the production of antimicrobial metabolites, and construct the biocontrol bacillus synthetic microbiota which high expressing antimicrobial substances. We also will study the influence of biocontrol bacillus synthetic microbiota on rhizosphere microbial community composition, and its ability of colonization in rice roots, production of antimicrobial metabolites in situ and induction of rice disease resistance. This project will study the effect of biocontrol bacillus synthetic microbiota against the main rice diseases in the cold cultivation region of Jilin province, and establish the integrated disease management for rice based on biological control. This study will provide green, stable and efficient biological control technology and products for the control of rice diseases in Jilin province.