对称式大口径高精度构架折展天线机构创新设计与展开动力学特性研究

构架折展天线作为大口径、高精度天线的重要实现手段，在国内外已获得了多次在轨应用，它是由一定数量的折展基本单元机构组成的多自由度多输出复杂空间多环耦合机构，其设计研究难度大。目前能够组网形成构架天线抛物反射面的折展基本单元机构甚少，且它们尚存在展开率低、形面精度不高、自由度与关节数目多以及结构对称性差等问题，特别是若要组网形成更大口径（10米以上）的构架天线，展开可靠性将大大降低。因此，本项目拟探索关节少且对称性好的构架折展天线机构创新设计方法，研究基于冗余驱动位置与数量优化设计的展开可靠性分析理论，研究综合考虑天线实际特性的构架折展天线机构刚柔耦合多体动力学建模方法，分析驱动扭簧刚度，关节接触刚度、摩擦、阻尼，及卸载力等因素对展开动力学特性的影响机理，为折展天线的进一步优化设计以提高其展开可靠性提供重要依据。相关成果为我国更大口径、更高精度构架折展天线的研制、应用提供理论参考与技术储备。

As an important means to realize large-aperture and high-precision antenna, truss deployable antenna has been applied in orbit for many times around the world. The truss deployable antenna is composed of a certain number of deployable basic unit mechanisms, and it contains multiple degrees of freedom, multiple outputs, many complex spatial loops that are highly coupled, thus its design and research are quite difficult. At present, there are few basic units that can form parabolic reflector of the truss antenna, and they still have problems such as low folding rate, low profile accuracy, too many degrees of freedom and joints, and poor structural symmetry. Especially, if the truss antenna with larger aperture (more than 10 meters) is to be formed, the deployment reliability will be greatly reduced. Therefore, this project intends to explore the innovative design method of truss deployable antenna mechanism with few joints and good symmetry, study the theory of deployment reliability analysis based on the location and quantity optimization of redundant actuations, and analyze the method of establishing the rigid-flexible coupling multibody dynamic models of truss deployable antenna mechanism, considering of the actual characteristics of the antenna comprehensively. Moreover, investigate the influence principle of the stiffness of driving torsion spring, contact stiffness, friction, and damping of joint, unloading force and other factors on the unfolding dynamics characteristic, which will provide an important basis for further optimization design of deployable antenna to improve its deployment reliability. The research results will provide a theoretical reference and technical reserves for the development and application of the truss deployable antenna with larger aperture and higher precision in our country.