开放式大空间展出模式与多环境介质是导致土遗址文物泛碱污损的主要原因，重建文物保存环境体系内物质与能量平衡，恢复其出土前原位环境是解决这些问题最有效途径。本项目以兵马俑与汉阳陵博物馆为例，对陶质遗址文物表面析盐、风化过程中的热质迁移特性进行基础科学研究，并提出利用隔离式空气幕系统的局部环境调控技术，实现文物保存原位环境重建。具体研究内容包括：建立非均匀多孔介质模型，研究大气-土壤-文物多介质体系内物质与能量的"短路迁移"与"单向迁移"等非均匀性运移机理，根据该机理提出抑制物质和能量通过文物本体向大气迁移的基本思路；建立隔离式空气幕的流函数解析模型与CFD模型，提出空气幕的最佳理论设计参数，阐明坑内逆温层抑制机理；搭建一个实验葬坑系统，验证所提方法正确性，获得隔离式空气幕系统对重建遗址原位环境的实际运行效果。项目研究将为改善现有遗址博物馆内文物保存环境和今后新建遗址博物馆提供一种新的思路。

Site relic is a very important type of cultural heritage. Many of them are suffering deterioration or even damage due to the open, large-space building layout and air-soil coupling preservation environment. The most effective way to upgrade the preservation environment is to re-establish the balance of mass and energy distribution in the coupling environment and reconstruct a primitive environment for the relics. In this application, an isolated air curtain conception is proposed to separate the open and large-space exhibition hall with funerary pit structure into enclosure and small ones. Meanwhile, an inversion temperature layer is created by the air curtain in the funerary pit to implement the steady of environment and suppress the migration of heat and mass from the air into the soil. In order to realize above research objectives, the following contents will be carried out in the application, i.e., (i) the mechanism of short-circuit migration and one-way migration of mass and energy in the system of air-relic-soil will be investigated by building a non-uniform porous medium model and the principle for the supression of the migration will be brought forward based on those mechanism, (ii) The optimal theoretical design of the air curtain system will be determined through stream function method and computational fluid dynamics method. In additional, the mechanism of the inversion temperature layer distribution in the pit will be investigated by the above numerical models, (iii) an experimental pit will be set up to validate the performance of the air curtain system. The research project provides a new idea to improve preservation environment for the existing site museum and a novel model for the design of new constructed museums.