The role of relevance for scalar diversity: a usage-based approach
The role of relevance for scalar diversity: a usage-based approach
复制标题
相关性对标量多样性的作用：基于使用的方法
DOI：
10.1017/langcog.2021.13
复制
发表时间：
2021
影响因子：
1.8
通讯作者：
Bob van Tiel
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
E. Pankratz;Bob van Tiel
摘要
标量推理发生在当一个较弱的陈述如It's warm被使用时，一个较强的陈述如It's hot本可以被使用，导致产生较弱陈述的人相信较强陈述不成立的推论。这种推理的速度在不同的标量词中有所不同，这一结果被称为“标量多样性”。在这里，我们从使用为基础的角度研究形容词标量词的标量多样性。我们介绍了新的操作化的几个以前观察到的预测标量多样性使用计算工具的基础上使用数据，使我们能够远离现有的判断为基础的方法。此外，我们在两个实验中表明，上述和超越这些先前观察到的预测，标量多样性预测的部分相关性的标量推理在手。我们引入了一种基于语料库的相关性度量，其基于这样的想法，即更相关的标量推理更有可能出现在标量结构中，这些标量结构在标量词之间绘制了明确的对比（例如，温暖，但不热）。我们的结论是，使用有一个重要的作用，在建立共同点，语用推理的要求。
abstract
Scalar inferences occur when a weaker statement like It’s warm is used when a stronger one like It’s hot could have been used instead, resulting in the inference that whoever produced the weaker statement believes that the stronger statement does not hold. The rate at which this inference is drawn varies across scalar words, a result termed ‘scalar diversity’. Here, we study scalar diversity in adjectival scalar words from a usage-based perspective. We introduce novel operationalisations of several previously observed predictors of scalar diversity using computational tools based on usage data, allowing us to move away from existing judgment-based methods. In addition, we show in two experiments that, above and beyond these previously observed predictors, scalar diversity is predicted in part by the relevance of the scalar inference at hand. We introduce a corpus-based measure of relevance based on the idea that scalar inferences that are more relevant are more likely to occur in scalar constructions that draw an explicit contrast between scalar words (e.g., It’s warm but not hot). We conclude that usage has an important role to play in the establishment of common ground, a requirement for pragmatic inferencing.
影响因子：
3.8
作者：
Gotzner N;Solt S;Benz A
通讯作者：
Benz A