Spatio‐Temporal Clustering of Seismicity Enabled by Off‐Fault Plasticity

Spatio‐Temporal Clustering of Seismicity Enabled by Off‐Fault Plasticity
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断层可塑性引起的地震活动的时空聚集

DOI:
10.1029/2021gl097601
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发表时间:
2022
影响因子:
5.2
通讯作者:
Elbanna, Ahmed E.
Elbanna, Ahmed E.
中科院分区:
地球科学1区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Mia, Md Shumon;Abdelmeguid, Mohamed;Elbanna, Ahmed E.

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虽然在理解线弹性域中的震源过程方面取得了重大进展,但对包括塑性在内的更现实的流变学的影响知之甚少。在这里,我们模拟了一个二维反平面速率和状态断层嵌入在一个全空间弹塑性块体的地震和抗震滑动序列。我们表明,离断层塑性可能会导致部分破裂以及地震事件的时间聚集。此外,断层滑动和断层外塑性的相互作用导致了滑动亏损的口袋。虽然通过塑性变形耗散的能量仍然是总能量预算的一小部分,但通过应力的重新分布和粘性松弛,其对源特性的影响非常大。我们的研究结果提出了一个新的机制,在地震物理学的动态不均匀性,可能有重要意义的地震规模分布和能量收支。
While significant progress has been made in understanding earthquake source processes in linear elastic domains, the effect of more realistic rheologies including plasticity is poorly understood. Here, we simulate the sequence of earthquake and aseismic slip of a 2D antiplane rate‐and‐state fault embedded in a full‐space elastic‐plastic bulk. We show that off‐fault plasticity may lead to partial ruptures as well as temporal clustering of seismic events. Furthermore, the interaction of fault slip and off‐fault plasticity results in pockets of slip deficit. While the energy dissipated through plastic deformation remains a small fraction of the total energy budget, its impact on the source characteristics is disproportionally large through the redistribution of stresses and viscous relaxation. Our results suggest a new mechanism of dynamic heterogeneity in earthquake physics that may have important implications on earthquake size distribution and energy budget.
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