Explicit knowledge and real-time action control: anticipating a change does not make us respond more quickly
Explicit knowledge and real-time action control: anticipating a change does not make us respond more quickly
复制标题
显性知识和实时行动控制：预测变化并不会让我们更快地做出反应
作者：
Brendan D. Cameron;Darian T. Cheng;R. Chua;P. Donkelaar;G. Binsted
当目标导向触达的目标改变位置时，人们通常会迅速而自动地对目标转移做出反应。在这里，我们调查是否明确的知识，一个移动的目标（知道是否位置变化是可能的/不太可能）提高响应，了解自上而下的实时达到的影响的目标。在实验1中，我们向参与者提供了预先提示，表明在该试验中目标扰动的可能性为20%或80%。当参与者对目标扰动做出赞成指向反应时，他们的在线反应在20%的试验中比在80%的试验中发生得更晚，但这种效应可能是由于20%试验中的在线反应受到抑制，而不是80%试验中的反应增强。在实验2中，我们向参与者提供了50%和100%的可能性预线索，并观察到与50%试验相比，100%试验的延迟没有缩短，这表明期望并没有增强对扰动的自动反应。然而，我们在100%试验中确实观察到对扰动的更有力的响应，并且这有助于相对于50%试验更短的移动时间。在实验2中，我们还研究了目标扰动方向的先验知识是否会缩短在线响应的延迟，但我们没有观察到延迟的任何减少。总而言之，自动反应的发生似乎是可以抑制的，但不能通过自上而下的输入来增强。自动反应的力量可以被期望改变的可能性被检验，但没有解决。
When the target of a goal-directed reach changes location, people normally respond rapidly and automatically to the target shift. Here, we investigate whether explicit knowledge about a moving target (knowing whether a location change is likely/unlikely) improves responsiveness, with the goal of understanding top-down effects on real-time reaching. In Experiment 1, we presented participants with pre-cues that indicated a 20 or 80 % likelihood of a target perturbation on that trial. When participants made pro-pointing responses to the target perturbations, their online response occurred later for 20 % trials than for 80 % trials, but this effect may have been due to suppression of the online response on 20 % trials, rather than enhancement of the response on 80 % trials. In Experiment 2, we presented participants with 50 and 100 % likelihood pre-cues, and observed no shortening of the latency on 100 % trials compared to 50 % trials, which suggests that expectation does not enhance the automatic response to a perturbation. However, we did observe more vigorous responses to the perturbation on the 100 % trials, and this contributed to shorter movement times relative to the 50 % trials. We also examined, in Experiment 2, whether prior knowledge about the direction of the target perturbation would shorten the latency of the online response, but we did not observe any reduction in latency. In sum, the onset of the automatic response appears to be suppressible, but not augmentable by top-down input. The possibility that the forcefulness of the automatic response is modifiable by expectation is examined, but not resolved.
影响因子：
2.5
作者：
Purcell, Braden A.;Schall, Jeffrey D.;Woodman, Geoffrey F.
通讯作者：
Woodman, Geoffrey F.