Fatty Acid Biosynthesis Pathways Are Downregulated during Stigma Development and Are Critical during Self-Incompatible Responses in Ornamental Kale.
Fatty Acid Biosynthesis Pathways Are Downregulated during Stigma Development and Are Critical during Self-Incompatible Responses in Ornamental Kale.
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脂肪酸生物合成途径在柱头发育过程中下调，并且在观赏羽衣甘蓝的自交不亲和反应过程中至关重要
DOI：
10.3390/ijms232113102
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发表时间：
2022-10-28
影响因子：
5.6
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中科院分区：
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在十字花科植物中，柱头的乳头细胞是自交不亲和反应的主要部位。SI通过选择性地拒绝无关或不亲和的花粉来保护遗传多样性，从而促进杂交受精和物种适合度。在油菜中调节SI反应的机制主要是在成熟柱头上进行的研究，成熟柱头常常破坏柱头乳头细胞在发育过程中如何达到SI状态。为了了解这一点，我们整合了PacBio SMRT-seq和Illumina RNA-seq，构建了观赏甘蓝柱头发育不同阶段的全长转录数据库。用PacBio SMRT-SEQ技术鉴定和分析了48,800个非冗余转录本，31,269个新转录本，24,015个基因，13,390个选择性剪接，22,389个简单序列重复，21,816个完整的ORF序列和4591个lncRNA。Illumina RNA-seq发现了15,712个差异表达基因(Deg)和8619个转录因子。不相容组中4038个DGs的KEGG浓缩分析显示，类黄酮和脂肪酸的生物合成途径显著浓缩。聚类分析和qRT-PCR分析表明，在柱头成熟时，类黄酮和脂肪酸生物合成途径的候选基因分别有11个和14个表达水平最低。为了了解脂肪酸生物合成途径下调的生理相关性，我们在成熟的柱头上进行了抑制剂喂养试验。当成熟柱头用脂肪酸合成酶抑制剂预处理时，亲和性授粉反应显著降低。这一发现表明，柱头中脂肪酸的积累可能是亲和授粉所必需的，成熟过程中脂肪酸的下调可能已经进化为一种支持模块，以阻止自交不亲和花粉的形成。
In Brassicaceae, the papillary cells of the stigma are the primary site of the self-incompatibility (SI) responses. SI preserves the genetic diversity by selectively rejecting irrelevant or incompatible pollen, thus promoting cross fertilization and species fitness. Mechanisms that regulate SI responses in Brassica have been studied mainly on the mature stigma that often undermines how stigma papillary cells attain the state of SI during development. To understand this, we integrated PacBio SMRT-seq with Illumina RNA-seq to construct a de novo full-length transcriptomic database for different stages of stigma development in ornamental kale. A total of 48,800 non-redundant transcripts, 31,269 novel transcripts, 24,015 genes, 13,390 alternative splicing, 22,389 simple sequence repeats, 21,816 complete ORF sequences, and 4591 lncRNAs were identified and analyzed using PacBio SMRT-seq. The Illumina RNA-seq revealed 15,712 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) and 8619 transcription factors. The KEGG enrichment analysis of 4038 DEGs in the “incompatibility” group revealed that the flavonoid and fatty acid biosynthesis pathways were significantly enriched. The cluster and qRT-PCR analysis indicated that 11 and 14 candidate genes for the flavonoid and fatty acid biosynthesis pathways have the lowest expression levels at stigma maturation, respectively. To understand the physiological relevance of the downregulation of fatty acid biosynthesis pathways, we performed inhibitor feeding assays on the mature stigma. The compatible pollination response was drastically reduced when mature stigmas were pre-treated with a fatty acid synthase inhibitor. This finding suggested that fatty acid accumulation in the stigmas may be essential for compatible pollination and its downregulation during maturity must have evolved as a support module to discourage the mounting of self-incompatible pollen.
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