The Association between Multiple Per- and Polyfluoroalkyl Substances' Serum Levels and Allostatic Load.
The Association between Multiple Per- and Polyfluoroalkyl Substances' Serum Levels and Allostatic Load.
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DOI：
10.3390/ijerph19095455
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发表时间：
2022-04-29
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Obeng-Gyasi, Emmanuel
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Bashir, Tahir;Obeng-Gyasi, Emmanuel
关键词：
背景/目的：本研究旨在探讨非稳态负荷（AL），慢性应激指数，与九个全氟和多氟烷基物质（PFAS），一组用于商业和工业应用的有机化合物之间的关联。研究的全氟辛烷磺酸包括全氟己烷磺酸（PFHS）、全氟癸酸（PFDE）、全氟丁烷磺酸（PFBS）、全氟庚酸（PFHP）、全氟十二烷酸（PFDO）、全氟壬酸（PFNA）、全氟十一烷酸（PFUA）、全氟辛酸（PFOA）和全氟辛烷磺酸（PFOS）。这项研究的目的是更好地了解PFAS和AL之间的关系，这可能是几种疾病的媒介。研究对象为20岁及以上的成年人，使用2007-2014年国家健康和营养调查（NHANES）数据。AL计算为来自心血管、炎症和代谢系统的10种生物标志物的累积指数，根据指数值≥3（慢性生理应激）或<3（应激较少），将其二分为高风险（赋值为1）或低风险（赋值为0）。在本研究中，使用描述性统计和逻辑回归模型探索了PFAS和协变量，例如年龄、性别、种族、饮酒量、吸烟和体育活动。结果：结果表明，在成人中，AL在男性中比女性更高，年龄≥60岁，并因种族而异。例如，与其他种族相比，非西班牙裔黑人的AL水平更高（平均值为3.92）。大量受试者的PFBS、PFHP、PFDO检测结果低于LOD，因此将这些PFAS从分析中排除。我们的分析表明PFNA，PFOS和PFOA等变量之间存在多重共线性，方差膨胀因子（VIF）值分别为6.197，6.212和5.139。因此，对PFAS进行单独分析，并根据年龄、性别、种族、体力活动、吸烟和饮酒进行调整。结果表明，AL与大多数PFAS之间存在统计学显著正相关，但PFUA除外，其p值为0.531，无统计学显著性。结论：这项研究的结果表明，在调整年龄、性别、种族、饮酒、吸烟和体力活动后，接触PFDE、PFNA、PFOS、PFOA和PFHS与AL相关。未来的研究，希望模型的影响，这些因素在一起，必须考虑他们之间的关系，并选择不同的分析方法。
Background/Objective: This study aimed to explore the association between allostatic load (AL), an index of chronic stress, with nine per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFASs), a group of organic compounds used in commercial and industrial applications. The PFASs explored were perfluorohexane sulfonic acid (PFHS), perfluorodecanoic acid (PFDE), perfluorobutane sulfonic acid (PFBS), perfluoroheptanoic acid (PFHP), perflurododecanoic acid (PFDO), perfluorononanoic acid (PFNA), perfluoroundecanoic acid (PFUA), perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA), and perfluorooctane sulfonic acid (PFOS). This study was performed to better understand the association between PFASs and AL, which may be a mediator of several diseases. Methods: This study was performed on adults aged 20 and older, using the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) 2007–2014 data. AL was calculated as a cumulative index of ten biomarkers from the cardiovascular, inflammatory, and metabolic system, which was dichotomized into high risk (assigned a value of 1) or low risk (assigned a value 0) depending on if the index value was ≥3 (chronic physiological stress) or <3 (less stressed). In this study, PFASs and covariates such as age, gender, ethnicity, alcohol consumption, smoking, and physical activity were explored using descriptive statistics and logistic regression modeling. Results: The results indicated that in adults, AL was more elevated in men as compared to women, in those aged ≥60 years, and varied by ethnicity. For instance, non-Hispanic Blacks had higher AL levels (mean of 3.92) compared to other ethnicities. A significant number of the participants tested for PFBS, PFHP, PFDO were below the LOD and thus these PFASs were excluded from the analysis. Our analysis demonstrated multicollinearities between variables such as PFNA, PFOS, and PFOA with variance inflation factor (VIF) values of 6.197, 6.212, and 5.139, respectively. Thus, PFASs were analyzed individually and adjusted for age, gender, ethnicity, physical activity, smoking, and alcohol consumption. The results indicated a statistically significant positive association between AL and most of the PFASs, except PFUA which was not statistically significant with a p value of 0.531. Conclusions: The findings of this study suggest that exposure to PFDE, PFNA, PFOS, PFOA, and PFHS are associated with AL when adjusted for age, gender, ethnicity, alcohol consumption, smoking, and physical activity. Future studies looking to model the effects of these factors together must consider their relationship with each other and choose different analytical approaches.
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