Neurocognitive deficits are associated with unemployment in chronic methamphetamine users.
Neurocognitive deficits are associated with unemployment in chronic methamphetamine users.
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DOI：
10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2012.04.002
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发表时间：
2012-09-01
影响因子：
4.2
通讯作者：
Woods, Steven Paul
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Weber, Erica;Blackstone, Kaitlin;Iudicello, Jennfer E.;Morgan, Erin E.;Grant, Igor;Moore, David J.;Woods, Steven Paul
慢性甲基苯丙胺（MA）使用者的失业率很高，并带来了重大的经济负担，但鲜为人知的是，在这个弱势群体的神经认知和精神病学的就业预测。本研究在63名最近MA依赖的参与者和47名没有MA使用障碍史的对照受试者中研究了这个问题。所有参与者都完成了全面的神经认知，精神和神经医学评估。HIV感染者、可能影响认知的严重神经心理或精神疾病（例如，癫痫发作、精神分裂症），或呼气测醉器或尿液毒理学筛查阳性。与以前的研究一致，logistic回归显示MA依赖性是全职失业状态的一个重要的独立预测因素。在MA依赖的样本中，更大的全球神经认知功能障碍和注射吸毒史成为失业状态的重要独立预测因素。全球认知功能恶化与失业之间的关联主要是由执行功能，学习，语言流畅性和工作记忆的缺陷驱动的。这些研究结果表明，神经认知缺陷在MA依赖者的较高失业率中发挥了重要作用，并强调了职业康复和支持就业计划的必要性，这些计划评估和增强了这一人群的认知技能。
Unemployment rates are high among chronic methamphetamine (MA) users and carry a significant economic burden, yet little is known about the neurocognitive and psychiatric predictors of employment in this vulnerable population. The present study examined this issue in 63 participants with recent MA dependence and 47 comparison subjects without histories of MA use disorders. All participants completed a comprehensive neurocognitive, psychiatric and neuromedical evaluation. Individuals with HIV infection, severe neuropsychological or psychiatric conditions that might affect cognition (e.g., seizure disorder, schizophrenia), or a positive Breathalyzer or urine toxicology screen on the day of testing were excluded. Consistent with previous research, a logistic regression revealed MA dependence as a significant, independent predictor of full-time unemployment status. Within the MA-dependent sample, greater impairment in global neurocognitive functioning and history of injection drug use emerged as significant independent predictors of unemployment status. The association between worse global cognitive functioning and unemployment was primarily driven by deficits in executive functions, learning, verbal fluency, and working memory. These findings indicate that neurocognitive deficits play a significant role in the higher unemployment rates of MA-dependent individuals, and highlight the need for vocational rehabilitation and supported employment programs that assess and bolster cognitive skills in this population.
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影响因子：
4.4
作者：
Halkitis, PN;Shrem, MT
通讯作者：
Shrem, MT
DOI：
10.1017/s1355617704102130
发表时间：
2004-05-01
影响因子：
2.6
作者：
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影响因子：
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作者：
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