Survival from brain tumours in England and Wales up to 2001.
Survival from brain tumours in England and Wales up to 2001.
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直到2001年，英格兰和威尔士的脑肿瘤生存。
DOI：
10.1038/sj.bjc.6604603
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发表时间：
2008-09-23
影响因子：
8.8
通讯作者：
Coleman, M. P.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Rachet, B.;Mitry, E.;Quinn, M. J.;Cooper, N.;Coleman, M. P.
脑肿瘤占英格兰和威尔士成人恶性肿瘤的2%，每年约有4000例新发病例和3000例死亡。自1971年以来，英格兰和威尔士的发病率增加了约25%（Quinn et al，2001）。其他西方国家也出现了类似的增长（Muir等人，1994年）。脑肿瘤在男性中更常见20 - 50%。1991 - 1993年期间，英格兰和威尔士最富裕的五分之一人口的发病率比最贫困的五分之一人口高出约25%（Quinn等人，2001）。大多数脑肿瘤的原因是未知的。电离辐射是唯一确定的原因，尽管某些亚硝胺可能是一个风险因素（Preston-Martin，1996年）。遗传性综合征可能占5%的病例。获得性免疫抑制可能增加脑淋巴瘤的风险。与风险增加有关的职业包括石油化工和橡胶工业、农业工作、核工业和涉及暴露于电磁场的工作（Preston-Martin等人，2006年）。此处仅包括明确编码为原发性恶性（行为代码3）肿瘤的脑肿瘤。排除了自1971年以来任何时间登记的其他原发性恶性肿瘤患者。编码为良性的脑肿瘤（行为代码0）或不确定或未指明的行为（行为守则1）经常与恶性肿瘤一起考虑（Muir等，1994），并且在1986 - 1999年期间在国家癌症登记处记录了大约10900个这样的脑肿瘤，在英格兰和威尔士的所有地区，所有记录的脑肿瘤的大约20%（数据未显示）。认为这些肿瘤不适合进行分析。可能难以区分脑原发性肿瘤与其他器官原发性肿瘤的转移，这是常见的，但排除了编码为转移性（行为代码6）的肿瘤。颅神经和脊髓的恶性肿瘤也被排除。生存分析报告的基础上的数据为37917成年人（年龄15 - 99岁）谁登记的第一，原发性，恶性肿瘤的大脑在英格兰和威尔士在1986年至1999年期间，并随访至2001年底。这些患者约占符合分析条件的患者的86%。2002年11月5日提取数据进行分析时，1.9%的患者的生命状态未知，因此将其排除。脑肿瘤不是第一原发恶性肿瘤的患者（1.8%）也被排除在外。大多数其他排除是因为记录的生存时间为零（诊断日期与死亡日期相同; 9.8%的病例）。这些患者中的一些可能在诊断当天死亡，但许多可能仅根据死亡证明（DCO）登记（数据未显示），并且在这些数据中无法区分这两组。由于死亡证明无法提供诊断日期和生存时间，因此排除了这两类患者。这类患者的生存期很可能短于平均生存期（Berrino et al，1995）;因此，排除这些患者可能会导致总生存期略微高估。然而，DCO案件的比例是类似的贫困群体之间的稳定随着时间的推移，因此，他们的排除不太可能造成偏见的趋势估计生存，或社会经济梯度。在20世纪90年代，大约50%的脑肿瘤被确定为发生在额叶、顶叶、颞叶或枕叶，只有3%发生在小脑或脑干，但42%的肿瘤的部位不明确或未明确。那个...
Brain tumours comprise 2% of all malignant neoplasms in adults in England and Wales, with some 4000 new cases and 3000 deaths each year. Incidence has increased by approximately 25% since 1971 in England and Wales (Quinn et al, 2001). Similar increases have been seen in other western countries (Muir et al, 1994). Brain tumours are 20–50% more common in men. Incidence was approximately 25% higher in the most affluent fifth of the population in England and Wales than in the most deprived fifth during 1991–1993 (Quinn et al, 2001). The cause of most brain tumours is unknown. Ionising radiation is the only established cause, although some nitrosamines may be a risk factor (Preston-Martin, 1996). Inherited syndromes may account for 5% of cases. Acquired immunosuppression may increase the risk of cerebral lymphoma. Occupations that have been linked to increased risk include the petrochemical and rubber industries, agricultural work, the nuclear industry and work involving exposure to electromagnetic fields (Preston-Martin et al, 2006). Only tumours of the brain explicitly coded as primary, malignant (behaviour code 3) tumours were included here. Patients previously registered with another primary malignancy at any time since 1971 were excluded. Brain tumours coded as benign (behaviour code 0) or of uncertain or unspecified behaviour (behaviour code 1) are often considered together with malignant tumours (Muir et al, 1994), and approximately 10900 such brain tumours were recorded in the National Cancer Registry during the period 1986–1999, approximately 20% of all recorded brain tumours in all regions of England and Wales (data not shown). These tumours were not considered eligible for analysis. It can be difficult to distinguish primary tumours of the brain from metastases of primary tumours in other organs, which are common, but tumours coded as metastatic (behaviour code 6) were excluded. Malignant tumours of the cranial nerves and spinal cord were also excluded. The survival analyses reported here are based on the data for 37917 adults (aged 15–99 years) who were registered with a first, primary, malignant tumour of the brain in England and Wales during the period 1986–1999 and followed up to the end of 2001. These patients represented approximately 86% of those eligible for analysis. For 1.9%, the vital status was unknown on 5 November 2002 when the data were extracted for analysis, and they were excluded. Patients whose brain tumour was not their first primary malignancy (1.8%) were also excluded. Most of the other exclusions were for a recorded survival time of zero (date of diagnosis same as date of death; 9.8% of cases). Some of these patients may have died on the day of diagnosis, but many are likely to have been registered from a death certificate only (DCO)(data not shown), and the two groups could not be distinguished in these data. As the date of diagnosis and thus the duration of survival are not available from a death certificate, both categories were excluded. Such patients may well have shorter than average survival (Berrino et al, 1995); hence, their exclusion may have caused slight overestimation of overall survival. However, the proportion of DCO cases was similar between deprivation groups and stable over time; hence, their exclusion is unlikely to have caused bias in the estimates of trends in survival, or of socioeconomic gradients. During the 1990s, some 50% of brain tumours were specified as arising in the frontal, parietal, temporal or occipital lobes, and only 3% arose in the cerebellum or brain stem, but the site was poorly specified or unspecified for 42% of tumours. The …
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影响因子：
8.4
作者：
Brenner, H;Rachet, B
通讯作者：
Rachet, B
DOI：
10.1097/00043764-198110000-00012
发表时间：
1981-01-01
影响因子：
3.2
作者：
GREENWALD, P;FRIEDLANDER, BR;EARLE, K
通讯作者：
EARLE, K
20 世纪末英格兰和威尔士的癌症生存率。
影响因子：
8.8
作者：
Rachet, B.;Woods, L. M.;Mitry, E.;Riga, M.;Cooper, N.;Quinn, M. J.;Steward, J.;Brenner, H.;Esteve, J.;Sullivan, R.;Coleman, M. P.
通讯作者：
Coleman, M. P.
影响因子：
2.4
作者：
PrestonMartin, S
通讯作者：
PrestonMartin, S