Development of nitric oxide synthase inhibitors for neurodegeneration and neuropathic pain.

Development of nitric oxide synthase inhibitors for neurodegeneration and neuropathic pain.
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DOI:
10.1039/c3cs60467e
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发表时间:
2014-10-07
影响因子:
46.2
通讯作者:
Silverman RB
Silverman RB
中科院分区:
化学1区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Mukherjee P;Cinelli MA;Kang S;Silverman RB

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一氧化氮(NO)是人体中一种重要的信号分子,在细胞和神经元通讯、调节血压、免疫激活等方面起着至关重要的作用。然而,一氧化氮合酶(nNOS)的神经元异构体过量产生一氧化氮是神经退行性疾病和神经性疼痛的根本原因之一。因此,开发小分子选择性抑制nNOS对相关异构体(eNOS和iNOS)的作用是治疗上需要的。本文就NO信号的调控和失调、NO在神经退行性变性和疼痛中的作用、nNOS的结构和机制以及利用这些信息设计该酶的选择性抑制剂进行综述。基于结构的药物设计,这些抑制剂的生物利用度和药代动力学,以及通过动物研究进行广泛的靶标验证。
Nitric oxide (NO) is an important signaling molecule in the human body, playing a crucial role in cell and neuronal communication, regulation of blood pressure, and in immune activation. However, overproduction of NO by the neuronal isoform of nitric oxide synthase (nNOS)is one of the fundamental causes underlying neurodegenerative disorders and neuropathic pain. Therefore, developing small molecules for selective inhibition of nNOS over related isoforms(eNOS and iNOS) is therapeutically desirable. The aims of this review focus on the regulation and dysregulation of NO signaling, the role of NO in neurodegeneration and pain, the structure and mechanism of nNOS, and the use of this information to design selective inhibitors of this enzyme. Structure-based drug design, the bioavailability and pharmacokinetics of these inhibitors, and extensive target validation through animal studies are addressed.
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