Integrating life stages into ecological niche models: a case study on tiger beetles.
Integrating life stages into ecological niche models: a case study on tiger beetles.
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DOI：
10.1371/journal.pone.0070038
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发表时间：
2013
期刊：
影响因子：
3.7
通讯作者：
Assmann T
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Taboada A;von Wehrden H;Assmann T
详细了解物种的自然历史和跨空间尺度的环境需求是有效保护规划的首要条件，特别是对于具有复杂生命周期的物种，其中不同的生命阶段占据不同的生态位并对不同尺度的环境做出反应。然而，生态位模型应用于保护往往忽略了早期的生命阶段，大多是在广泛的空间尺度上进行。使用濒危的石南虎甲虫（Cicinophylsylvatica）作为模式物种，我们与存在/不存在和丰富的数据，当地分散的成年人和定居的幼虫，非生物和生物变量测量的多尺度方法内的地理范围内积极的保护管理。在数百米的尺度上，细粒非生物条件（即，植被结构）是这两个生命阶段发生的基本决定因素，而生物因素的影响主要包含在非生物特征中。密集的石南植被和裸露的地面面积相结合，因此，第一个要求的物种的保护，提供了适当的栖息地的可访问性得到保证。在一个较小的规模（厘米），非生物因素对幼虫发生的影响变得微不足道，这表明存在的重要的额外变量内幼虫接近。在模型中相邻幼虫之间持续的显着相关性提供了一个指标的潜在影响邻里拥挤的幼虫生态位在几厘米内。由于该物种在幼虫阶段度过了其生命周期的大部分时间，因此在为该物种设计实用的保护准则时，必须考虑影响幼虫的分层非生物和生物过程。这强调了在估计生态位和解决具有复杂生命周期的物种的有效保护措施时，忽视生命阶段之间的生态位变化的后果进行更严格的评估的必要性。
Detailed understanding of a species’ natural history and environmental needs across spatial scales is a primary requisite for effective conservation planning, particularly for species with complex life cycles in which different life stages occupy different niches and respond to the environment at different scales. However, niche models applied to conservation often neglect early life stages and are mostly performed at broad spatial scales. Using the endangered heath tiger beetle (Cicindela sylvatica) as a model species, we relate presence/absence and abundance data of locally dispersing adults and sedentary larvae to abiotic and biotic variables measured in a multiscale approach within the geographic extent relevant to active conservation management. At the scale of hundreds of meters, fine-grained abiotic conditions (i.e., vegetation structure) are fundamental determinants of the occurrence of both life stages, whereas the effect of biotic factors is mostly contained in the abiotic signature. The combination of dense heath vegetation and bare ground areas is thus the first requirement for the species’ preservation, provided that accessibility to the suitable habitat is ensured. At a smaller scale (centimetres), the influence of abiotic factors on larval occurrence becomes negligible, suggesting the existence of important additional variables acting within larval proximity. Sustained significant correlations between neighbouring larvae in the models provide an indication of the potential impact of neighbourhood crowding on the larval niche within a few centimetres. Since the species spends the majority of its life cycle in the larval stage, it is essential to consider the hierarchical abiotic and biotic processes affecting the larvae when designing practical conservation guidelines for the species. This underlines the necessity for a more critical evaluation of the consequences of disregarding niche variation between life stages when estimating niches and addressing effective conservation measures for species with complex life cycles.
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