Parkinson's disease patients undershoot target size in handwriting and similar tasks.
Parkinson's disease patients undershoot target size in handwriting and similar tasks.
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帕金森病患者在书写和类似任务中未达到目标大小。
DOI：
10.1136/jnnp.74.11.1502
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发表时间：
2003
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Stelmach,GE
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
VanGemmert,AWA;Adler,CH;Stelmach,GE
目的：之前的研究表明，帕金森病患者能够将笔画尺寸增加至 1.5 厘米，而不会增加笔画持续时间；而年龄匹配的健康状况正常的人能够调节中风大小，而不会改变中风持续时间，最大可达 2 厘米。本研究旨在通过检查帕金森病患者与年龄匹配的对照者相比，大于 1.5 厘米的尺寸是否与中风持续时间表现出不同的关系来测试这一发现。方法：该研究包括 13 名帕金森病受试者和 13 名年龄匹配的对照者。参与者被要求以舒适的速度并尽可能快地以五种不同的尺寸（1.0、1.5、2.0、3.0 和 5.0 厘米）书写草书“llllllll”图案或没有点的草书“lililili”图案。参与者用圆珠笔在数字平板电脑上书写。目标图案以所需的尺寸显示在屏幕上，但一旦笔接触数字化平板电脑的表面，目标图案就消失了。数字转换器上的盖子阻止了对手部的在线视觉监控。每次试验后，记录的笔尖运动会以两条线显示，以指示是否满足尺寸要求。书写条件以随机顺序呈现，每个参与者由 12 次试验组成。 结果：结果表明，帕金森病参与者的笔画大小和持续时间被独立调节到 1.5 厘米；尺寸超过 1.5 厘米会导致帕金森病 (PD) 患者进行性下冲。研究还表明，与对照组相比，这些参与者对加速措施的调节效率较低。结论：研究结果表明，帕金森病患者在快速书写时产生的笔划尺寸不足，而笔划尺寸应等于或超过 1.5 厘米。
Objectives:Previous research suggested that people with Parkinson’s disease are able to increase handwriting stroke size up to 1.5 cm without an increase of stroke duration; whereas age matched individuals in normal health are able to modulate stroke size without changes in stroke duration for sizes up to 2 cm. This study was designed to test this finding by examining whether sizes larger than 1.5 cm show different relationships with stroke duration for patients with Parkinson’s disease as compared with age matched controls.Methods:The study included 13 subjects with Parkinson’s disease and 13 age matched controls. Participants were required to write a cursive “llllllll” pattern, or a cursive “lililili” pattern without the dots, at a comfortable speed and also as fast as possible, in five different sizes (1.0, 1.5, 2.0, 3.0, and 5.0 cm). The participants wrote with a ballpoint pen on a digitiser tablet. The target pattern was displayed at its required size on a screen, but disappeared as soon as the pen touched the surface of the digitiser tablet. Online visual monitoring of the hand was prevented by a cover over the digitiser. After each trial, the recorded movement of the tip of the pen was displayed with two lines to indicate whether the size requirement had been met. The writing conditions were presented in random order and consisted of 12 trials for each participant.Results:The results demonstrated that stroke size and duration produced by the participants with Parkinson’s disease were independently modulated up to 1.5 cm; sizes over 1.5 cm resulted in progressive undershooting by patients with Parkinson’s disease (PD). It was also shown that these participants modulated acceleration measures inefficiently as compared with controls.Conclusions:The findings suggest that individuals with Parkinson’s disease writing at speed produce inadequate stroke sizes when these should equal or exceed 1.5 cm.
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帕金森病中伸手抓握运动模式的稳定性。
DOI：
10.1093/brain/120.11.2093
发表时间：
1997
期刊：
Brain : a journal of neurology
影响因子：
--
作者：
Tresilian,JR;Stelmach,GE;Adler,CH
通讯作者：
Adler,CH
评估时间在控制笔迹中的特殊作用。
影响因子：
1.8
作者：
Charles E. Wright
通讯作者：
Charles E. Wright
DOI：
10.1093/brain/120.1.91
发表时间：
1997
期刊：
Brain : a journal of neurology
影响因子：
--
作者：
Weiss,P;Stelmach,GE;Hefter,H
通讯作者：
Hefter,H
动态关节分析作为记录与帕金森病相关的协调障碍的方法。
影响因子：
1.8
作者：
V. Hatzitaki;T. Hoshizaki
通讯作者：
T. Hoshizaki
笔迹中的时间、大小和形状：探索不同层面的时空关系
DOI：
--
发表时间：
1985
期刊：
影响因子：
--
作者：
A. Thomassen;H. Teulings
通讯作者：
H. Teulings