Psychiatric symptoms influence reward-seeking and loss-avoidance decision-making through common and distinct computational processes.
Psychiatric symptoms influence reward-seeking and loss-avoidance decision-making through common and distinct computational processes.
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精神病症状通过共同和不同的计算过程影响寻求奖励和避免损失的决策。
DOI：
10.1111/pcn.13279
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发表时间：
2021-09
影响因子：
11.9
通讯作者：
Katahira K
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Suzuki S;Yamashita Y;Katahira K
精神症状通常伴随着决策障碍，以获得奖励和避免损失。然而，由于精神障碍的复杂性（例如，高合并症），与决策缺陷特异性相关的症状仍未确定。此外，精神症状对奖励寻求和损失避免决策的计算的影响仍然难以捉摸。在这里，我们的目标是通过利用大规模在线实验和计算建模来解决这些问题。在在线实验中，我们从普通人群中招募了1900名非诊断参与者。他们进行了寻求奖励或避免损失的决策任务，随后完成了关于精神症状的问卷调查。我们发现，与强迫行为和侵入性思维（CIT）相关的精神症状的一个跨诊断维度与寻求奖励和避免损失任务中的整体决策表现呈负相关。更深入的分析进一步表明，在这两项任务中，CIT精神维度与最近导致更好结果的选项（即奖励或无损失）的偏好较低有关。另一方面，仅在寻求奖励的任务中，CIT维度与最近未选择的选项的较低偏好相关。这些发现表明，精神症状通过共同和不同的计算过程影响两种类型的决策，即寻求奖励和避免损失。
Psychiatric symptoms are often accompanied by impairments in decision‐making to attain rewards and avoid losses. However, due to the complex nature of mental disorders (e.g., high comorbidity), symptoms that are specifically associated with deficits in decision‐making remain unidentified. Furthermore, the influence of psychiatric symptoms on computations underpinning reward‐seeking and loss‐avoidance decision‐making remains elusive. Here, we aim to address these issues by leveraging a large‐scale online experiment and computational modeling. In the online experiment, we recruited 1900 non‐diagnostic participants from the general population. They performed either a reward‐seeking or loss‐avoidance decision‐making task, and subsequently completed questionnaires about psychiatric symptoms. We found that one trans‐diagnostic dimension of psychiatric symptoms related to compulsive behavior and intrusive thought (CIT) was negatively correlated with overall decision‐making performance in both the reward‐seeking and loss‐avoidance tasks. A deeper analysis further revealed that, in both tasks, the CIT psychiatric dimension was associated with lower preference for the options that recently led to better outcomes (i.e. reward or no‐loss). On the other hand, in the reward‐seeking task only, the CIT dimension was associated with lower preference for recently unchosen options. These findings suggest that psychiatric symptoms influence the two types of decision‐making, reward‐seeking and loss‐avoidance, through both common and distinct computational processes.
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影响因子：
25
作者：
Huys QJ;Maia TV;Frank MJ
通讯作者：
Frank MJ
影响因子：
6.9
作者：
Chase, H. W.;Frank, M. J.;Robbins, T. W.
通讯作者：
Robbins, T. W.
影响因子：
1.8
作者：
Ishikawa, Ryotaro;Kobori, Osamu;Shimizu, Eiji
通讯作者：
Shimizu, Eiji
DOI：
10.1111/j.2517-6161.1995.tb02031.x
发表时间：
1995-01-01
影响因子：
5.8
作者：
BENJAMINI, Y;HOCHBERG, Y
通讯作者：
HOCHBERG, Y
影响因子：
4.6
作者：
Barch DM;Carter CS;Gold JM;Johnson SL;Kring AM;MacDonald AW;Pizzagalli DA;Ragland JD;Silverstein SM;Strauss ME
通讯作者：
Strauss ME