Identification of Seasonal Streamflow Regimes and Streamflow Drivers for Daily and Peak Flows in Alaska
Identification of Seasonal Streamflow Regimes and Streamflow Drivers for Daily and Peak Flows in Alaska
复制标题
阿拉斯加每日流量和高峰流量的季节性水流状况和水流驱动因素的识别
作者：
Janet H. Curran;F. Biles
阿拉斯加是北部高纬度地区之一，预计气候变化加速将影响径流特性，包括季节性和主要径流驱动因素。通过确定径流驱动因素的分布和影响，可以改进对整个大而多样的环境中径流变化的评估，包括洪水特征。利用253个流量计的月平均径流数据，对季节性流型进行了聚类，以指导季节性径流驱动因素的识别，并形成了用于识别峰值流量种群的水文类群。9个季节不同的亚类描述了以(主要是秋季)降雨、(春季)融雪和(夏季)高海拔融化为主的三个类别的可变性。冰化程度最高的盆地完全归类为高海拔熔融亚类，冰化程度较低的盆地有时表现出与降雨为主和融雪为主的制度相一致的季节模式。峰流种群按亚类不同，从主要降雨或主要融雪到混合降雨-融雪或混合降雨、融雪和高海拔融雪。在亚类中，降雨产生的平均峰值流量(相对于平均年流量)高于融雪或高海拔融化。季节性径流状况与流域特征，主要是海拔和冬季温度，以及地理位置显示出明显但复杂的联系。这些相关性为与气候变暖相关的变化提供了基于海拔的类比，并为季节性水流状况预测和水文区域划定提供了见解。这些结果提供了从历史数据中对阿拉斯加季节性径流驱动因素的空间综合视角，并为分析提供了重要的历史基础。
Alaska is among northern high‐latitude regions where accelerated climate change is expected to impact streamflow properties, including seasonality and primary flow drivers. Evaluating changes to streamflow, including flood characteristics, across this large and diverse environment can be improved by identifying the distribution and influence of flow drivers. Using metrics of mean monthly streamflow data from 253 streamgages, seasonal flow regimes were clustered to guide identification of seasonal flow drivers and form hydrologic groups for identification of peak‐flow populations. Nine seasonally distinct subclasses described variability within three classes dominated by (mostly fall) rainfall, (spring) snowmelt, and (summer) high‐elevation melt. The most glacierized basins exclusively grouped into high‐elevation melt subclasses, and less glacierized basins sometimes exhibited seasonal patterns aligned with rainfall‐dominated and snowmelt‐dominated regimes. Peak‐flow populations varied by subclass from dominant rainfall or dominant snowmelt to mixed rainfall–snowmelt or mixed rainfall, snowmelt, and high‐elevation melt. Within subclasses, rainfall generated higher mean peak flows (relative to mean annual flow) than snowmelt or high‐elevation melt. Seasonal flow regimes showed clear but complex associations with basin characteristics, primarily elevation and winter temperature, and with geographic location. These dependencies provided elevation‐based analogies for changes associated with warming and insights for seasonal flow regime prediction and hydrologic region delineation. These results provide a spatially comprehensive perspective on seasonal streamflow drivers across Alaska from historical data and serve as an important historical basis for analysis.
影响因子：
3.2
作者：
A. Crawford;K. Alley;A. Cooke;M. Serreze
通讯作者：
A. Crawford;K. Alley;A. Cooke;M. Serreze
DOI：
10.1016/j.envsoft.2018.03.021
发表时间：
2018-12
期刊：
Environ. Model. Softw.
影响因子：
--
作者：
J. Walsh;U. Bhatt;Jeremy S. Littell;M. Leonawicz;M. Lindgren;T. Kurkowski;P. Bieniek;R. Thoman;S. Gray;T. Scott Rupp
通讯作者：
J. Walsh;U. Bhatt;Jeremy S. Littell;M. Leonawicz;M. Lindgren;T. Kurkowski;P. Bieniek;R. Thoman;S. Gray;T. Scott Rupp