The Role of Activity-Dependent DNA Demethylation in the Adult Brain and in Neurological Disorders.

The Role of Activity-Dependent DNA Demethylation in the Adult Brain and in Neurological Disorders.
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DOI:
10.3389/fnmol.2018.00169
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发表时间:
2018
影响因子:
4.8
通讯作者:
Kreutz MR
Kreutz MR
中科院分区:
医学2区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Bayraktar G;Kreutz MR

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在过去的十年中,越来越多的报道强调了表观遗传调控在大脑可塑性中的重要性。读取器、写入器和擦除器等表观遗传元件分别识别、建立和去除核小体中的表观遗传标签。其中一个调控涉及dna甲基化和去甲基化,这是一个高度动态和活动依赖的过程,即使在成年神经元中也是如此。现在人们普遍认为,外部刺激控制DNA上的甲基化标记,并且这种过程在神经元中起转录调节作用。在这篇综述中,我们介绍了目前关于控制DNA去甲基化的调控机制以及在健康和疾病中可能的功能后果的知识。
Over the last decade, an increasing number of reports underscored the importance of epigenetic regulations in brain plasticity. Epigenetic elements such as readers, writers and erasers recognize, establish, and remove the epigenetic tags in nucleosomes, respectively. One such regulation concerns DNA-methylation and demethylation, which are highly dynamic and activity-dependent processes even in the adult neurons. It is nowadays widely believed that external stimuli control the methylation marks on the DNA and that such processes serve transcriptional regulation in neurons. In this mini-review, we cover the current knowledge on the regulatory mechanisms controlling in particular DNA demethylation as well as the possible functional consequences in health and disease.
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