Effects of Larval Density on Plutella xylostella Resistance to Granulosis Virus.
Effects of Larval Density on Plutella xylostella Resistance to Granulosis Virus.
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DOI：
10.3390/insects11120857
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发表时间：
2020-12-02
期刊：
影响因子：
3
通讯作者：
Zhu S
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Kong H;Liu Z;Yang P;Yuan L;Jing W;Dong C;Zheng M;Tian Z;Hou Q;Zhu S
一般来说，病原体的传播与密度呈正相关;因此，昆虫感染疾病的风险随着人口密度的增加而增加。据报道，在高密度条件下的某些多相昆虫比低密度条件下的昆虫对病原体更有抗性（或敏感或相同）。这种现象被称为“密度依赖性预防”（DDP）。小菜蛾（Plutella xylostella）是十字花科作物的重要害虫之一，是一种非多虫型害虫。生物防治，特别是病原菌防治，在DBM害虫综合治理中发挥着重要作用。然而，尚未阐明小菜蛾幼虫群体是否表现出DDP。在实验室条件下，研究了小菜蛾幼虫对小菜蛾颗粒体病毒（PlxyGV）的抗性及不同密度处理下小菜蛾幼虫对病毒的免疫反应。结果表明，小菜蛾幼虫在一定的密度范围内表现出一定的耐药性。该研究有助于阐明颗粒体病毒对不同密度小菜蛾种群的生防效果，为今后的防治策略提供指导。据报道，高密度条件下的一些多相昆虫比低密度条件下的昆虫对病原体的抗性更强。这种现象被称为“密度依赖性预防”（DDP）。然而，非多相昆虫是否表现DDP很少被阐明。小菜蛾（Plutella xylostella）是十字花科作物的重要害虫之一，是一种非多虫型害虫。在实验室条件下，研究了小菜蛾幼虫对小菜蛾颗粒体病毒（PlxyGV）的抗性及其在1、2、5、10、15和20头/平皿饲养条件下的免疫反应。与低密度饲养的幼虫相比，中密度饲养的幼虫存活率显著提高，但随着饲养密度的进一步增加，存活率显著降低。此外，酚氧化酶，溶菌酶和抗菌活性和总血细胞计数的幼虫的血淋巴中，无论他们是否与病毒的挑战，从不同的幼虫密度对应于所观察到的差异Plxy GV的抗性。这些结果表明，小菜蛾幼虫在一定的密度范围内表现出DDP。该研究有助于阐明颗粒体病毒对不同密度小菜蛾种群的生防效果，为今后的防治策略提供指导。
Generally, the transmission of pathogens is positively density-dependent; therefore, the risk of insects becoming infected by diseases increases with increasing population density. It has been reported that some phase-polyphenic insects from high-density conditions are more resistant (or susceptible or identical) to pathogens than those from low-density conditions. This phenomenon is termed “density-dependent prophylaxis” (DDP). The diamondback moth (DBM), Plutella xylostella, one of the most destructive insect pests affecting cruciferous crops, is non phase-polyphenic. Biological control, especially by pathogens, plays an important role in the integrated pest management program of DBM. However, whether the P. xylostella larval population exhibits DDP has not been elucidated. The resistance of DBM larvae to P. xylostella granulosis virus (Plxy GV) and their immune response to the virus under different density treatments were investigated under laboratory conditions. Our results demonstrated that P. xylostella larvae exhibited DDP within a certain limited density. This study may help to elucidate the biocontrol effect of different density populations of P. xylostella by granulosis virus and guide improvements in future management strategy. It has been reported that some phase-polyphenic insects from high-density conditions are more resistant to pathogens than those from low-density conditions. This phenomenon is termed “density-dependent prophylaxis” (DDP). However, whether non phase-polyphenic insects exhibit DDP has rarely been elucidated. The diamondback moth (DBM), Plutella xylostella, one of the most destructive insect pests affecting cruciferous crops, is non phase-polyphenic. In this study, the resistance of DBM larvae to P. xylostella granulosis virus (Plxy GV) and their immune response to the virus when reared at densities of 1, 2, 5, 10, 15, and 20 larvae per Petri dish were investigated under laboratory conditions. Compared with larvae reared at lower densities, larvae reared at moderate density showed a significantly higher survival rate, but the survival rate significantly decreased with further increases in rearing density. Furthermore, the phenoloxidase, lysozyme and antibacterial activity and total hemocyte count in the hemolymph of the larvae, regardless of whether they were challenged with the virus, from different larval densities corresponded to the observed differences in resistance to Plxy GV. These results demonstrated that P. xylostella larvae exhibited DDP within a certain limited density. This study may help to elucidate the biocontrol effect of different density populations of P. xylostella by granulosis virus and guide improvements in future management strategy.
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