Reappraisal of metabolic dysfunction in neurodegeneration: Focus on mitochondrial function and calcium signaling.

Reappraisal of metabolic dysfunction in neurodegeneration: Focus on mitochondrial function and calcium signaling.
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神经退行性变中代谢功能障碍的重新评估:重点放在线粒体功能和钙信号。

DOI:
10.1186/s40478-021-01224-4
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发表时间:
2021-07-07
影响因子:
7.1
通讯作者:
Elrod JW
Elrod JW
中科院分区:
医学2区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Jadiya P;Garbincius JF;Elrod JW

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导致神经退行性变的细胞和分子机制仍不明确。近期临床试验失败、诊断困难、病因不确定以及缺乏治愈性疗法,促使我们重新审视神经退行性疾病发病机制的其他假说。近期的报道证实,线粒体和钙调节异常在许多神经退行性疾病(NDDs)早期就会出现,包括阿尔茨海默病、帕金森病、亨廷顿病等。然而,线粒体和代谢对发病机制有影响的因果分子证据仍然不足。在此,我们总结了支持以下假说的数据:线粒体和代谢功能障碍是由神经病理学的多种病因导致的。我们对文献进行了最新且全面的综述,并解读为线粒体代谢缺陷是蛋白质聚集以及其他关于NDDs的传统假说的上游因素和首要原因。最后,我们找出了知识缺口,并提出对线粒体钙离子交换和线粒体功能进行治疗性调节,以缓解代谢障碍并治疗NDDs。
The cellular and molecular mechanisms that drive neurodegeneration remain poorly defined. Recent clinical trial failures, difficult diagnosis, uncertain etiology, and lack of curative therapies prompted us to re-examine other hypotheses of neurodegenerative pathogenesis. Recent reports establish that mitochondrial and calcium dysregulation occur early in many neurodegenerative diseases (NDDs), including Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson’s disease, Huntington's disease, and others. However, causal molecular evidence of mitochondrial and metabolic contributions to pathogenesis remains insufficient. Here we summarize the data supporting the hypothesis that mitochondrial and metabolic dysfunction result from diverse etiologies of neuropathology. We provide a current and comprehensive review of the literature and interpret that defective mitochondrial metabolism is upstream and primary to protein aggregation and other dogmatic hypotheses of NDDs. Finally, we identify gaps in knowledge and propose therapeutic modulation of mCa2+ exchange and mitochondrial function to alleviate metabolic impairments and treat NDDs.
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