Antimicrobial susceptibility of bacterial isolates from community acquired infections in Sub-Saharan Africa and Asian low and middle income countries.
Antimicrobial susceptibility of bacterial isolates from community acquired infections in Sub-Saharan Africa and Asian low and middle income countries.
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DOI：
10.1111/j.1365-3156.2011.02822.x
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发表时间：
2011-09
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Turner P
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Ashley EA;Lubell Y;White NJ;Turner P
由于抗生素的广泛使用，全球在医院和社区环境中都出现了抗菌素耐药性。实验室诊断的可得性很差，这意味着耐药性经常得不到确认，可能只会被检测到是临床治疗失败。在这篇综述中，我们概述了撒哈拉以南非洲和亚洲常见的社区获得性细菌病原体对这些地区最广泛使用的抗生素的敏感性。我们回顾了有关SSA和亚洲社区流行病原体对一系列常用抗生素敏感性的文献。纳入标准要求，自2004年以来收集的分离株必须来自正常无菌场所或尿液。这些数据是按地区和年龄组汇总的。自2004年以来，共有83项研究报告了常见细菌病原体的抗菌药敏感性。在不同的研究中，使用不同的方法来评估体外敏感性。检测的质量(从耐药性曲线可以看出)也有很大的不同。对于肺炎链球菌和脑膜炎奈瑟菌，除复方新诺明外，大多数药物都保持了相对较高的疗效，在所调查的大多数病原体中都有很高的耐药性。与巨大的传染病负担和抗生素的广泛使用相比，热带亚洲和非洲关于抗生素敏感性的可靠数据相对较少，可以得出明确的结论，尽管很明显，许多常用抗生素在流行的细菌病原体中面临相当大的耐药性。这可能会加剧发病率和死亡率。对改进的抗菌素敏感性测试和监测系统的投资可能是一项成本效益很高的战略，并应辅之以集中化和易于获取的信息资源。
Antimicrobial resistance has arisen across the globe in both nosocomial and community settings as a consequence of widespread antibiotic consumption. Poor availability of laboratory diagnosis means that resistance frequently goes unrecognised and may only be detected as clinical treatment failure. In this review, we provide an overview of the reported susceptibility of common community acquired bacterial pathogens in Sub-Saharan Africa and Asia to the antibiotics that are most widely used in these areas. We reviewed the literature for reports of the susceptibility of prevalent pathogens in the community in SSA and Asia to a range of commonly prescribed antibiotics. Inclusion criteria required that isolates were collected since 2004 and that they were obtained from either normally sterile sites or urine. The data were aggregated by region and by age group. Eighty-three studies were identified since 2004 which reported the antimicrobial susceptibilities of common bacterial pathogens. Different methods were used to assess in-vitro susceptibility in the different studies. The quality of testing (evidenced by resistance profiles) also varied considerably. For Streptococcus pneumoniae and Neisseria meningitidis most drugs maintained relatively high efficacy, apart from co-trimoxazole to which there were high levels of resistance in most of the pathogens surveyed. Compared with the enormous infectious disease burden and widespread use of antibiotics there are relatively few reliable data on antimicrobial susceptibility from tropical Asia and Africa upon which to draw firm conclusions, although it is evident that many commonly used antibiotics face considerable resistance in prevalent bacterial pathogens. This is likely to exacerbate morbidity and mortality. Investment in improved antimicrobial susceptibility testing and surveillance systems is likely to be a highly cost-effective strategy and should be complemented by centralized and readily accessible information resources.
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影响因子：
168.9
作者：
DeLeo, Frank R.;Otto, Michael;Kreiswirth, Barry N.;Chambers, Henry F.
通讯作者：
Chambers, Henry F.
乌干达坎帕拉的人类免疫缺陷病毒1感染和未感染的严重营养不良儿童中的菌血症。
影响因子：
3.7
作者：
Bachou, Hanifa;Tylleskar, Thorkild;Kaddu-Mulindwa, Deogratias H.;Tumwine, James K.
通讯作者：
Tumwine, James K.
影响因子：
3
作者：
Capoor, Malini R.;Nair, Deepthi;Pillai, Parukutty
通讯作者：
Pillai, Parukutty
影响因子：
2.2
作者：
DerSimonian, Rebecca;Kacker, Raghu
通讯作者：
Kacker, Raghu
影响因子：
1.6
作者：
Chayani, N.;Tiwari, S.;Das, P.
通讯作者：
Das, P.