Structural basis of mismatch recognition by a SARS-CoV-2 proofreading enzyme.

Structural basis of mismatch recognition by a SARS-CoV-2 proofreading enzyme.
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SARS-CoV-2校正酶错配识别的结构基础。

DOI:
10.1126/science.abi9310
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发表时间:
2021-09-03
期刊:
影响因子:
56.9
通讯作者:
Yang, Yang
Yang, Yang
中科院分区:
综合性期刊1区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Liu, Chang;Shi, Wei;Becker, Scott T.;Schatz, David G.;Liu, Bin;Yang, Yang

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尽管疫苗可以预防严重急性呼吸综合征冠状病毒 2 (SARS-CoV-2),但仍然需要抗病毒药物来治疗 COVID-19。瑞德西韦等核苷酸类似物靶向病毒 RNA 聚合酶,具有潜力,但会受到核糖核酸外切酶 (ExoN) 活性的影响,该酶会从新合成的 RNA 中去除不正确的核苷酸。刘等人。确定了具有 ExoN 活性 (nsp10–nsp-14) 的复合物的结构,该复合物与掺入了错误核苷酸的 RNA 模拟物结合。该结构显示了 RNA 是如何被识别的,并表明 ExoN 如何特异性去除不匹配的核苷酸。它还为设计可以逃避切除的核苷酸类似物提供了线索。 —SARS-CoV-2 核酸外切酶-RNA 复合物的 VV 结构为潜在抗病毒开发的校对提供了深入见解。冠状病毒 3′-to-5′ 核糖核酸外切酶 (ExoN) 存在于非结构蛋白 (nsp) 10-nsp14 复合物中,通过校对 RNA 合成来提高复制保真度,对病毒生命周期至关重要。 ExoN 还能识别并切除掺入新生 RNA 中的核苷酸类似物抑制剂,从而破坏基于核苷酸类似物的抗病毒药物的有效性。在这里,我们展示了野生型和突变型严重急性呼吸综合征冠状病毒 2 (SARS-CoV-2) nsp10-nsp14 与具有 3' 末端不匹配的 RNA 底物复合物的冷冻电子显微镜结构,分辨率范围为 2.5 至 3.9 埃。这些结构揭示了 ExoN 底物特异性的分子决定因素,并深入了解冠状病毒 RNA 合成过程中错配校正的分子机制。我们的研究结果为合理设计改进的抗冠状病毒疗法提供了指导。
Although vaccines provide protection against severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), there remains a need for antivirals to treat COVID-19. Nucleotide analog drugs such as remdesivir, which target the viral RNA polymerase, have potential but are compromised by exoribonuclease (ExoN) activity that removes incorrect nucleotides from newly synthesized RNA. Liu et al. determined the structure of the complex that harbors the ExoN activity (nsp10–nsp-14) bound to a mimic of RNA that has incorporated an incorrect nucleotide. The structure shows how the RNA is recognized and suggests how ExoN specifically removes mismatched nucleotides. It also provides clues for designing nucleotide analogs that may evade excision. —VV Structures of SARS-CoV-2 exonuclease–RNA complex provide insight into proofreading for potential antiviral development. Coronavirus 3′-to-5′ exoribonuclease (ExoN), residing in the nonstructural protein (nsp) 10–nsp14 complex, boosts replication fidelity by proofreading RNA synthesis and is critical for the virus life cycle. ExoN also recognizes and excises nucleotide analog inhibitors incorporated into the nascent RNA, undermining the effectiveness of nucleotide analog–based antivirals. Here we present cryo–electron microscopy structures of both wild-type and mutant severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) nsp10-nsp14 in complex with an RNA substrate bearing a 3′-end mismatch at resolutions ranging from 2.5 to 3.9 angstroms. The structures reveal the molecular determinants of ExoN substrate specificity and offer insight into the molecular mechanisms of mismatch correction during coronavirus RNA synthesis. Our findings provide guidance for rational design of improved anticoronavirus therapies.
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