Is It a Dangerous World Out There? The Motivational Bases of American Gun Ownership
Is It a Dangerous World Out There? The Motivational Bases of American Gun Ownership
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外面的世界危险吗？
DOI：
--
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发表时间：
2017
影响因子：
4
通讯作者：
A. Kruglanski
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
W. Stroebe;N. Leander;A. Kruglanski
美国人是世界上最好的武装公民，民意调查显示，保护/自卫是他们拥有枪支的主要原因。然而，几乎没有关于枪支拥有的心理学研究。本文开发了第一个心理过程模型的防御性枪支所有权，具体来说，一个两个组件的模型，认为拥有一把枪的保护/自卫的前因和后果。我们证明，不同水平的威胁解读--具体感知到的攻击威胁和危险世界的扩散威胁--独立地预测手枪所有权;我们还展示了效用判断如何解释驱动枪支权利信念的动机性推理。我们在奥兰多大规模枪击事件之前和之后的两个独立的枪支拥有者样本（总N = 899）中测试了我们的模型。这项研究说明了社会认知理论如何帮助解释是什么促使美国人拥有手枪，并倡导广泛的携带和使用枪支的权利。
Americans are the world’s best armed citizens and public polling suggests protection/self-defense is their main reason for gun ownership. However, there is virtually no psychological research on gun ownership. The present article develops the first psychological process model of defensive gun ownership—specifically, a two-component model that considers both the antecedents and consequences of owning a gun for protection/self-defense. We demonstrate that different levels of threat construal—the specific perceived threat of assault and a diffuse threat of a dangerous world—independently predict handgun ownership; we also show how utility judgments can explain the motivated reasoning that drives beliefs about gun rights. We tested our model in two independent samples of gun owners (total N = 899), from just before and after the Orlando mass shooting. This study illustrates how social-cognitive theories can help explain what motivates Americans to own handguns and advocate for broad rights to carry and use them.
心理距离的解释水平理论。
影响因子：
5.4
作者：
Trope, Yaacov;Liberman, Nira
通讯作者：
Liberman, Nira