COVID-19 and Routine Childhood and Adolescent Immunizations: Evidence from Louisiana Medicaid.

COVID-19 and Routine Childhood and Adolescent Immunizations: Evidence from Louisiana Medicaid.
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DOI:
10.1016/j.vaccine.2021.12.022
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发表时间:
2022-02-07
期刊:
影响因子:
5.5
通讯作者:
Callison K
Callison K
中科院分区:
医学3区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Walker B;Anderson A;Stoecker C;Shao Y;LaVeist TA;Callison K

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新冠肺炎疫情打乱了儿童和青少年的常规疫苗接种。然而,目前尚不清楚这种影响对来自低收入家庭的儿童和青少年是否有所不同。为了解决这个问题,我们比较了路易斯安那州医疗补助计划登记的每1000名符合疫苗资格的儿童和青少年在之前几年(2017-2019年)和新冠肺炎大流行期间(2020年)的每月常规疫苗接种使用量。与2017-2019年的平均接种率相比,我们发现2020年麻疹、腮腺炎和风疹(MMR)疫苗接种减少了28%,人乳头状瘤病毒(HPV)减少了35%,破伤风、白喉、百日咳(Tdap)疫苗接种减少了30%。2020年4月,在宣布进入紧急状态后,疫苗接种率较低,而在夏末,通常会进行返校接种。在接下来的几个月里,我们几乎没有发现复苏的证据。我们的发现表明,由于错过接种疫苗,相当数量的弱势儿童可能会经历更长时间的易受可预防感染的时间。
The COVID-19 pandemic disrupted routine vaccinations for children and adolescents. However, it remains unclear whether the impact has been different for children and adolescents from low-income families. To address this, we compared monthly routine vaccination use per 1000 vaccine-eligible children and adolescents enrolled in Louisiana Medicaid in the years before (2017–2019) and during the COVID-19 pandemic (2020). Compared to the 2017–2019 average vaccination rates, we found a 28% reduction in measles, mumps, and rubella (MMR), a 35% reduction in human papillomavirus (HPV), and a 30% reduction in tetanus, diphtheria, pertussis (Tdap) vaccinations in 2020. Vaccine uptake was lower in April 2020 after the declaration of a state of emergency and in late summer when back-to-school vaccinations ordinarily occur. We found little evidence of recovery in later months. Our findings suggest that a substantial number of disadvantaged children may experience longer periods of vulnerability to preventable infections because of missed vaccinations.
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