Identifying electrophysiological markers of autism spectrum disorder and schizophrenia against a backdrop of normal brain development.
Identifying electrophysiological markers of autism spectrum disorder and schizophrenia against a backdrop of normal brain development.
复制标题
DOI：
10.1111/pcn.12927
复制
发表时间：
2020-01
影响因子：
11.9
通讯作者：
Edgar, J. Christopher
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Edgar, J. Christopher
对脑电图和脑磁图研究的检查表明，与年龄相关的脑神经功能变化在时间上限制了它们作为诊断标志物的使用。第一个例子表明，考虑到典型发育儿童的静息态峰值α频率的成熟变化，而不是自闭症谱系障碍（ASD）儿童的变化，α波段活动的群体差异仅表征了ASD儿童的一个子集。第二个例子，精神分裂症的听觉编码过程，表明正常年龄相关的大脑变化在检测和解释神经活动的群体差异方面的复杂性并不是儿童特有的。MRI研究报告了大脑成熟速率的组间差异，表明大脑成熟的组间差异可能是所有诊断性大脑标志物的一个问题。无论采用DSM-5还是研究领域标准方法进行研究，都需要关注大脑的成熟。例如，尽管人们对比较ASD和精神分裂症的大脑测量值的交叉诊断研究很感兴趣，但考虑到测量值是在一组症状发作后很久才获得的，而另一组则更接近症状发作，这样的研究很困难。此外，考虑到婴儿、幼儿、儿童、青少年、年轻人和老年人的大脑活动存在差异，创建任务和研究设计，以产生贯穿整个生命周期的可解释的发现，但又允许发展，充其量是困难的。总之，脑成像结果显示脑成熟对诊断标记物的影响与疾病过程的影响分开（并且可能难以区分）。现有的大样本研究已经为诊断标志物最可靠和信息量最大的年龄范围提供了方向。
An examination of electroencephalographic and magnetoencephalographic studies demonstrates how age-related changes in brain neural function temporally constrain their use as diagnostic markers. A first example shows that, given maturational changes in the resting-state peak alpha frequency in typically developing children but not in children who have autism spectrum disorder (ASD), group differences in alpha-band activity characterize only a subset of children who have ASD. A second example, auditory encoding processes in schizophrenia, shows that the complication of normal age-related brain changes on detecting and interpreting group differences in neural activity is not specific to children. MRI studies reporting group differences in the rate of brain maturation demonstrate that a group difference in brain maturation may be a concern for all diagnostic brain markers. Attention to brain maturation is needed whether one takes a DSM-5 or a Research Domain Criteria approach to research. For example, although there is interest in cross-diagnostic studies comparing brain measures in ASD and schizophrenia, such studies are difficult given that measures are obtained in one group well after and in the other much closer to the onset of symptoms. In addition, given differences in brain activity among infants, toddlers, children, adolescents, and younger and older adults, creating tasks and research designs that produce interpretable findings across the life span and yet allow for development is difficult at best. To conclude, brain imaging findings show an effect of brain maturation on diagnostic markers separate from (and potentially difficult to distinguish from) effects of disease processes. Available research with large samples already provides direction about the age range(s) when diagnostic markers are most robust and informative.
登录
查看更多内容
影响因子：
4.7
作者：
Clarke, AR;Barry, RJ;Selikowitz, M
通讯作者：
Selikowitz, M
影响因子：
3.7
作者：
Cragg, Lucy;Kovacevic, Natasa;Paus, Tomas
通讯作者：
Paus, Tomas
影响因子：
5.7
作者：
Carper, RA;Moses, P;Courchesne, E
通讯作者：
Courchesne, E
影响因子：
3.9
作者：
Edgar, J. Christopher;Heiken, Kory;Roberts, Timothy P. L.
通讯作者：
Roberts, Timothy P. L.
影响因子：
64.8
作者：
COBB, SR;BUHL, EH;SOMOGYI, P
通讯作者：
SOMOGYI, P