Mitochondrial Dysfunction in Cardiac Arrhythmias.
Mitochondrial Dysfunction in Cardiac Arrhythmias.
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作者：
心律失常的电生理和结构紊乱与线粒体功能障碍密切相关。线粒体是产生三磷酸腺苷的细胞器，从而满足心脏持续不断的电活动的能量需求。在心律失常中，动态平衡的供需关系被破坏，这通常伴随着进行性线粒体功能障碍，导致ATP产生减少和反应性氧化物种产生增加。此外，离子稳态、膜兴奋性和心脏结构可通过缝隙连接和炎症信号的病理变化而被破坏，从而导致心脏电稳态受损。在此，我们综述了心律失常的电学和分子机制，特别是线粒体在离子调节和缝隙连接作用中的功能障碍。我们提供了遗传性和获得性线粒体功能障碍的最新进展，以探索不同类型心律失常的病理生理学。此外，我们强调了线粒体在缓慢性心律失常中的作用，包括窦房结功能障碍和房室结功能障碍。最后，我们讨论了混杂因素，如衰老、肠道微生物群、心脏再灌注损伤和电刺激，如何调节线粒体功能并导致快速性心律失常。
Electrophysiological and structural disruptions in cardiac arrhythmias are closely related to mitochondrial dysfunction. Mitochondria are an organelle generating ATP, thereby satisfying the energy demand of the incessant electrical activity in the heart. In arrhythmias, the homeostatic supply–demand relationship is impaired, which is often accompanied by progressive mitochondrial dysfunction leading to reduced ATP production and elevated reactive oxidative species generation. Furthermore, ion homeostasis, membrane excitability, and cardiac structure can be disrupted through pathological changes in gap junctions and inflammatory signaling, which results in impaired cardiac electrical homeostasis. Herein, we review the electrical and molecular mechanisms of cardiac arrhythmias, with a particular focus on mitochondrial dysfunction in ionic regulation and gap junction action. We provide an update on inherited and acquired mitochondrial dysfunction to explore the pathophysiology of different types of arrhythmias. In addition, we highlight the role of mitochondria in bradyarrhythmia, including sinus node dysfunction and atrioventricular node dysfunction. Finally, we discuss how confounding factors, such as aging, gut microbiome, cardiac reperfusion injury, and electrical stimulation, modulate mitochondrial function and cause tachyarrhythmia.
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影响因子：
--
作者：
Antzelevitch C;Burashnikov A
通讯作者：
Burashnikov A
影响因子：
20.1
作者：
Armoundas, AA;Hobai, IA;O'Rourke, B
通讯作者：
O'Rourke, B
影响因子：
20.1
作者：
Chen Y;Csordás G;Jowdy C;Schneider TG;Csordás N;Wang W;Liu Y;Kohlhaas M;Meiser M;Bergem S;Nerbonne JM;Dorn GW 2nd;Maack C
通讯作者：
Maack C
影响因子：
4.6
作者：
Behjati, Mohaddeseh;Sabri, Mohammad Reza;Nejati, Majid
通讯作者：
Nejati, Majid
影响因子：
7.3
作者：
Chang, G-J;Su, M-J;Kuo, C-M
通讯作者：
Kuo, C-M