Relative relationships of general shame and body shame with body dysmorphic phenomenology and psychosocial outcomes.
Relative relationships of general shame and body shame with body dysmorphic phenomenology and psychosocial outcomes.
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DOI：
10.1016/j.jocrd.2017.04.003
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发表时间：
2017-07
影响因子：
1.8
通讯作者：
Wilhelm S
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Weingarden H;Renshaw KD;Davidson E;Wilhelm S
躯体变形障碍(BDD)的特点是专注于外表上的缺陷和重复的回避行为。BDD涉及严重的心理社会后果(例如，抑郁、自杀、功能障碍)。确定BDD症状和结果的相关性可以为治疗提供信息。羞耻是对批判性自我判断的一种痛苦情绪，可能是其中一个关键因素。然而，关于BDD羞耻感的研究很少，以前的研究也没有区分一般羞耻感和身体羞耻感。本研究通过身体变形现象学和心理社会结果来检验身体羞耻感和一般羞耻感之间的关系。参与者(N=184)通过BDD组织在网上招募，并完成了一项调查。路径分析被用来检验身体和一般羞耻感与1)身体变形现象学和2)抑郁严重程度、自杀风险和功能损害之间的关系。这两种类型的羞耻感都与结果有不同的关系。身体羞耻感与现象学的相关性更强，而一般羞耻感与心理社会结果的相关性更强。因此，BDD治疗的重点可能是同时减少全身和身体羞耻感。进一步的研究应该评估目前的治疗是否充分地解决和减少了总体和身体羞耻感，以及解决羞耻感是否促进了更好的治疗结果。
Body Dysmorphic Disorder (BDD) is characterized by a preoccupation with a perceived flaw in appearance and repetitive avoidance behaviors. BDD involves severe psychosocial outcomes (e.g., depression, suicidality, functional impairment). Identifying correlates of BDD symptoms and outcomes can inform treatment. Shame, a painful emotion felt in response to critical self-judgment, may be one key correlate. However, research on shame in BDD is scarce and previous studies have not distinguished general shame from body shame. This study examines the relative relationships between body shame and general shame with body dysmorphic phenomenology and psychosocial outcomes. Participants (N = 184) were recruited online via BDD organizations and completed a survey. Path analysis was used to examine associations between body and general shame with 1) body dysmorphic phenomenology and 2) depression severity, suicide risk, and functional impairment. Both types of shame were differentially related to outcomes. Body shame was more strongly related to phenomenology, whereas general shame was more strongly related to psychosocial outcomes. Thus, it may be important for BDD treatment to focus on reducing both general and body shame. Further research should evaluate whether current treatments adequately address and reduce general and body shame, and whether addressing shame promotes better treatment outcomes.
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