Rare-earth-metal alkylaluminates supported by N-donor-functionalized cyclopentadienyl ligands: C-H bond activation and performance in isoprene polymerization.

Rare-earth-metal alkylaluminates supported by N-donor-functionalized cyclopentadienyl ligands: C-H bond activation and performance in isoprene polymerization.
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N-供体官能化环戊二烯基配体支持的稀土金属烷基铝酸盐:异戊二烯聚合中的C-H键活化和性能

DOI:
10.1002/chem.201302388
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发表时间:
2013
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影响因子:
--
通讯作者:
R. Anwander
R. Anwander
中科院分区:
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文献类型:
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作者:
L. N. Jende;C. Maichle-Mössmer;R. Anwander

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同色四甲基铝酸盐配合物[Ln(AlMe4)3] (Ln=La, Nd, Y)与HCpNMe2(CpNMe2=1‐[2‐(N,N‐二甲氨基)‐乙基]‐2,3,4,5‐四甲基‐环戊二烯基)在戊烷中反应,在- 35℃下生成半夹心稀土金属配合物[{C5Me4CH2CH2NMe2(AlMe3)}Ln(AlMe4)2]。在室温下,用等摩尔量的Et2O通过供体置换去除N -供体配位的三甲基铝基团,只生成亚甲基桥接配合物[{C5Me4CH2CH2NMe(μ - CH2)AlMe3}Ln(AlMe4)],其中稀土金属离子镧和钕较大。X射线衍射分析显示了同构配合物的形成和一个氨基甲基的C - H键活化。13C和1h‐13C HSQC核磁共振谱进一步证实了Ln(μ‐CH2)Al基团的形成。在最大的金属中心镧的情况下,这种C - H键激活可以在- 35°C下被抑制,从而导致[(CpNMe2)La(AlMe4)2]的分离,其中包含一个分子内配位的氨基。[Ln(AlMe4)3] (Ln=La, Nd)与苯胺基取代环戊二烯HCpAMe2(CpAMe2=1‐[1‐(N,N‐二甲基苯胺基)]‐2,3,4,5‐四甲基环戊二烯基)在- 35℃下进行质子裂解反应,生成半夹层配合物[(CpAMe2)Ln(AlMe4)2]。在75℃下加热这些配合物,导致其中一个苯胺甲基的C - H键活化,并通过消除甲烷形成[{C5Me4C6H4NMe(μ‐CH2)AlMe3}Ln(AlMe4)]。相比之下,较小的金属钇中心在- 35°C时已经产生了氨基甲基活化的配合物,其结构与镧和钕的结构相同。研究了配合物[{C5Me4CH2CH2NMe(μ‐CH2)AlMe3}‐Ln(AlMe4)]、[(CpAMe2)Ln(AlMe4)2]和[{C5Me4C6H4NMe(μ‐CH2)AlMe3}Ln(AlMe4)]在[Ph3C][B(C6F5)4]、[PhNMe2H][B(C6F5)4]和B(C6F5)3活化下聚合异戊二烯的性能。镧基预催化剂具有最高的立体选择性,从而制备出反式1,4含量高达95.6%的聚异戊二烯。窄分子量分布(Mw/Mn<1.1)和单体完全消耗表明存在活性聚合机制。
Homoleptic tetramethylaluminate complexes [Ln(AlMe4)3] (Ln=La, Nd, Y) reacted with HCpNMe2(CpNMe2=1‐[2‐(N,N‐dimethylamino)‐ethyl]‐2,3,4,5‐tetramethyl‐cyclopentadienyl) in pentane at −35 °C to yield half‐sandwich rare‐earth‐metal complexes, [{C5Me4CH2CH2NMe2(AlMe3)}Ln(AlMe4)2]. Removal of the N‐donor‐coordinated trimethylaluminum group through donor displacement by using an equimolar amount of Et2O at ambient temperature only generated the methylene‐bridged complexes [{C5Me4CH2CH2NMe(μ‐CH2)AlMe3}Ln(AlMe4)] with the larger rare‐earth‐metal ions lanthanum and neodymium. X‐ray diffraction analysis revealed the formation of isostructural complexes and the CH bond activation of one aminomethyl group. The formation of Ln(μ‐CH2)Al moieties was further corroborated by13C and1H‐13C HSQC NMR spectroscopy. In the case of the largest metal center, lanthanum, this CH bond activation could be suppressed at −35 °C, thereby leading to the isolation of [(CpNMe2)La(AlMe4)2], which contains an intramolecularly coordinated amino group. The protonolysis reaction of [Ln(AlMe4)3] (Ln=La, Nd) with the anilinyl‐substituted cyclopentadiene HCpAMe2(CpAMe2=1‐[1‐(N,N‐dimethylanilinyl)]‐2,3,4,5‐tetramethylcyclopentadienyl) at −35 °C generated the half‐sandwich complexes [(CpAMe2)Ln(AlMe4)2]. Heating these complexes at 75 °C resulted in the CH bond activation of one of the anilinium methyl groups and the formation of [{C5Me4C6H4NMe(μ‐CH2)AlMe3}Ln(AlMe4)] through the elimination of methane. In contrast, the smaller yttrium metal center already gave the aminomethyl‐activated complex at −35 °C, which is isostructural to those of lanthanum and neodymium. The performance of complexes [{C5Me4CH2CH2NMe(μ‐CH2)AlMe3}‐ Ln(AlMe4)], [(CpAMe2)Ln(AlMe4)2], and [{C5Me4C6H4NMe(μ‐CH2)AlMe3}Ln(AlMe4)] in the polymerization of isoprene was investigated upon activation with [Ph3C][B(C6F5)4], [PhNMe2H][B(C6F5)4], and B(C6F5)3. The highest stereoselectivities were observed with the lanthanum‐based pre‐catalysts, thereby producing polyisoprene withtrans‐1,4 contents of up to 95.6 %. Narrow molecular‐weight distributions (Mw/Mn<1.1) and complete consumption of the monomer suggested a living‐polymerization mechanism.
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