Detecting contrast changes in invisible patterns during binocular rivalry.
Detecting contrast changes in invisible patterns during binocular rivalry.
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检测双眼竞争期间不可见图案的对比度变化。
DOI：
10.1016/j.visres.2010.09.009
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发表时间：
2010
期刊：
影响因子：
1.8
通讯作者：
Blake,Randolph
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Ling,Sam;Hubert-Wallander,Bjorn;Blake,Randolph
当不同的图像呈现给两只眼睛时，人类的视觉系统陷入双眼竞争，这是一种独特的感知状态，其特征是两个源图像中的一个相对于另一个具有随机的优势。在抑制阶段传递到眼睛的探测目标比在主导阶段传递的探测目标更难检测。几乎所有的探测研究都涉及到呈现新的刺激(例如，一点光)，要么叠加在被抑制的刺激上，要么取代被抑制的刺激。在这里，我们问一问，观察者是否能察觉到被抑制的刺激本身对比度的降低。换句话说，观察人士能探测到一个探测器，而这个探测器应该会让本已看不见的刺激变得更弱吗？具体地说，我们比较了观察者在优势和抑制期间检测竞争模式中引入的对比度增加和对比度减少的能力。在抑制期间与显性期间相比，在所有基座对比中引入对比度增加阈值时，对比度增加阈值都被提高，复制了先前的结果。在压制过程中测量的对比度降低阈值被提高到更高的程度，但它们最终被获得的事实证明，观察者能够探测到应该会使已经看不见的目标更难察觉的探测器。在第二个实验中，我们也在复杂的人脸图像中发现了类似的对比度变化检测结果模式。基于所得到的阈值-对比度函数，我们认为，无论图像的复杂程度如何，竞争抑制通过降低总体反应增益和对比度增益的偏移来调制神经对比度响应函数。
When dissimilar images are presented to the two eyes, the human visual system lapses into binocular rivalry, a unique perceptual state characterized by stochastic alternations in dominance of one of the two source images over the other. Probe targets delivered to an eye during suppression phases are more difficult to detect than probes delivered during dominance phases. Nearly all probe studies have involved presenting new stimulation (e.g., a spot of light) either superimposed on or replacing the suppressed stimulus. Here, we ask whether observers can detect a reduction in the contrast of the suppressed stimulus itself. In other words, can observers detect a probe that should make an already invisible stimulus even weaker? Specifically, we compared observers’ ability to detect contrast increments and contrast decrements introduced within a rival pattern during dominance and suppression. Contrast increment thresholds were elevated across all pedestal contrasts when the increment was introduced during suppression compared to during dominance, replicating previous results. Contrast decrement thresholds measured during suppression were elevated to an even greater extent, but the fact that they were obtained at all establishes that observers were able to detect probes that should make an already invisible target even more difficult to perceive. In a second experiment, we found a similar pattern of results for contrast change detection in complex images of faces as well. Based on the resulting threshold-vs.-contrast functions, we suggest that, regardless of the complexity of the image, rivalry suppression modulates the neural contrast response function through a mixture of reduced overall response gain and a shift in the contrast gain.
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DOI：
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发表时间：
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期刊：
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影响因子：
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