Contribution of genetic and dietary insulin resistance to Alzheimer phenotype in APP/PS1 transgenic mice.

Contribution of genetic and dietary insulin resistance to Alzheimer phenotype in APP/PS1 transgenic mice.
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DOI:
10.1111/j.1582-4934.2011.01384.x
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发表时间:
2012-06
影响因子:
5.3
通讯作者:
Tanila H
Tanila H
中科院分区:
医学2区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Hiltunen M;Khandelwal VK;Yaluri N;Tiilikainen T;Tusa M;Koivisto H;Krzisch M;Vepsäläinen S;Mäkinen P;Kemppainen S;Miettinen P;Haapasalo A;Soininen H;Laakso M;Tanila H

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根据流行病学研究,2 型糖尿病会增加患阿尔茨海默病的风险。在这里,我们通过将过度表达突变淀粉样前体蛋白和早老蛋白-1 (APdE9) 的小鼠与过度表达胰腺胰岛素样生长因子 2 (IGF-2) 的小鼠杂交或用高脂肪饮食喂养它们来诱导高血糖。葡萄糖和胰岛素耐量测试显示,IGF-2 过度表达的小鼠出现显着的高血糖,高脂肪饮食会加剧这种情况。然而,仅在共表达 IGF-2 和 APdE9 的小鼠中观察到持续的高胰岛素血症和胰岛素抵抗,与脑中胰岛素水平无关。在老年小鼠的行为测试中,APdE9 与空间学习能力差有关,而 IGF-2 和高脂肪饮食的结合进一步损害了学习能力。高脂肪饮食和 IGF-2 均不会增加大脑中 β-淀粉样蛋白的负担。在雄性小鼠中,IGF-2 增加了 β-淀粉样蛋白 42/40 的比例,这与空间学习能力差相关。相比之下,与良好空间学习相关的糖原合成酶激酶 3β 的抑制性磷酸化在标准饮食的 APdE9 和 IGF-2 雌性小鼠中增加,但在高脂肪饮食中则没有增加。有趣的是,无论基因型如何,高脂肪饮食都会改变雌性小鼠中 τ 同工型的表达并增加 τ Ser202 位点的磷酸化。这些发现为连接 2 型糖尿病和阿尔茨海默病病理学的新调节机制提供了证据。
According to epidemiological studies, type-2 diabetes increases the risk of Alzheimer’s disease. Here, we induced hyperglycaemia in mice overexpressing mutant amyloid precursor protein and presenilin-1 (APdE9) either by cross-breeding them with pancreatic insulin-like growth factor 2 (IGF-2) overexpressing mice or by feeding them with high-fat diet. Glucose and insulin tolerance tests revealed significant hyperglycaemia in mice overexpressing IGF-2, which was exacerbated by high-fat diet. However, sustained hyperinsulinaemia and insulin resistance were observed only in mice co-expressing IGF-2 and APdE9 without correlation to insulin levels in brain. In behavioural tests in aged mice, APdE9 was associated with poor spatial learning and the combination of IGF-2 and high-fat diet further impaired learning. Neither high-fat diet nor IGF-2 increased β-amyloid burden in the brain. In male mice, IGF-2 increased β-amyloid 42/40 ratio, which correlated with poor spatial learning. In contrast, inhibitory phosphorylation of glycogen synthase kinase 3β, which correlated with good spatial learning, was increased in APdE9 and IGF-2 female mice on standard diet, but not on high-fat diet. Interestingly, high-fat diet altered τ isoform expression and increased phosphorylation of τ at Ser202 site in female mice regardless of genotype. These findings provide evidence for new regulatory mechanisms that link type-2 diabetes and Alzheimer pathology.
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