Indian Ocean Dipole drives malaria resurgence in East African highlands.

Indian Ocean Dipole drives malaria resurgence in East African highlands.
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DOI:
10.1038/srep00269
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发表时间:
2012
期刊:
影响因子:
4.6
通讯作者:
Minakawa, Noboru
Minakawa, Noboru
中科院分区:
综合性期刊3区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Hashizume, Masahiro;Chaves, Luis Fernando;Minakawa, Noboru

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20世纪90年代,疟疾在非洲高地卷土重来,这引发了人们对疾病发病率增加的潜在驱动因素的疑问,包括El-Niño-Southern振荡(ENSO)的作用。然而,除ENSO外的气候异常显然与高原的疟疾暴发有关。印度洋偶极子(IOD)是印度洋海洋-大气相互作用的耦合,影响了高原疟疾的再次出现。利用交叉小波相干分析,我们发现了20世纪90年代三个高原地区疟疾时间序列与偶极子模式指数(DMI)之间存在4年长的相干周期。相反,在低地地区,我们发现疟疾和DMI之间的一致性不太明显。高原/低地对比可以用维多利亚湖产生的中尺度系统对其气候盆地的影响来解释。我们的研究结果支持有必要将IOD视为东非高地疟疾死灰复燃的驱动力。
Malaria resurgence in African highlands in the 1990s has raised questions about the underlying drivers of the increase in disease incidence including the role of El-Niño-Southern Oscillation (ENSO). However, climatic anomalies other than the ENSO are clearly associated with malaria outbreaks in the highlands. Here we show that the Indian Ocean Dipole (IOD), a coupled ocean-atmosphere interaction in the Indian Ocean, affected highland malaria re-emergence. Using cross-wavelet coherence analysis, we found four-year long coherent cycles between the malaria time series and the dipole mode index (DMI) in the 1990s in three highland localities. Conversely, we found a less pronounced coherence between malaria and DMI in lowland localities. The highland/lowland contrast can be explained by the effects of mesoscale systems generated by Lake Victoria on its climate basin. Our results support the need to consider IOD as a driving force in the resurgence of malaria in the East African highlands.
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