Domestic energy mapping to enable area-based whole house retrofits

Domestic energy mapping to enable area-based whole house retrofits
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国内能源测绘可实现基于区域的全屋改造

DOI:
10.1016/j.enbuild.2020.110514
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发表时间:
2020
影响因子:
6.7
通讯作者:
Gupta R
Gupta R
中科院分区:
工程技术2区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Gupta R

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以地区为基础的大规模翻新的一个长期挑战是能否迅速和准确地针对适当的住房进行能源改善。本文以英国牛津的431个住宅为例,展示了一种基于数据驱动的本地化地理信息系统(GIS)的家庭能源地图方法的应用,以创建逐户住宅的基准能源模型,并预测整个住宅的能源改造潜力。关于能源、住房、社会经济和燃料贫困的自上而下的空间数据与自下而上的能源建模相结合,这些建模以当地社区团体通过问卷调查收集的实际居住细节为基础。对确定合适住房的多种途径进行了测试,例如将能源使用量高的住房、燃料贫乏程度高的住房和按普通住房特点划分的住房分组。大约300个住宅被发现适合整体房屋翻新方案,相当于-比基线平均节能94%。虽然最常见的住宅类型是20世纪30年代的半独立式住宅,但它属于家庭年收入较低的地区,对翻新的需求很高。第二种最常见的住宅类型是20世纪30年代的梯田,在家庭收入中等的地区占主导地位。将需要为不同的家庭群体定制融资方案,以增加能源改造的接受度。
A long-standing challenge for area-based mass retrofits has been the ability to rapidly and accurately target appropriate dwellings for energy improvements. This paper demonstrates the application of a data-driven localised Geographical Information System (GIS)-based domestic energy mapping approach to create house-by-house baseline energy models and predict the potential for whole house energy retrofits in a case study of 431 dwellings in Oxford (UK). Top-down spatial datasets on energy, housing, socioeconomics and fuel poverty are combined with bottom-up energy modelling underpinned by actual dwelling details gathered through questionnaire surveys by the local community group. Multiple routes to identify suitable dwellings were tested such as grouping dwellings with high energy use, those with high levels of fuel poverty and by common dwelling characteristics. About 300 dwellings were found to be suitable for a whole house retrofit package, equating to 89–94% mean energy reduction over baseline. While the most common dwelling typology, 1930s semi-detached had high retrofit need, it fell in an area with low annual household income. The second most common dwelling typology, 1930s terrace, was dominant in areas with median level of household income. Funding programmes will need to be customised for different household segments to increase the take-up of energy retrofits.
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