Physical activity patterns in urban neighbourhood parks: insights from a multiple case study.
Physical activity patterns in urban neighbourhood parks: insights from a multiple case study.
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DOI：
10.1186/1471-2458-14-962
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发表时间：
2014-09-17
影响因子：
4.5
通讯作者：
Massolo A
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
McCormack GR;Rock M;Swanson K;Burton L;Massolo A
城市公园和社区的许多特征与身体活动模式有关，但要解开这些关系以促进身体活动水平的提高，存在方法上的挑战。基于定性和定量数据，本文描述了城市公园内的活动模式和公园游客的社会人口特征。它还解释了这些模式与公园及其周围街区的属性。一个多案例研究进行了纳入定量和定性数据来自第一手的观察，在一个有目的的样本的四个城市公园。定量数据，直接观察游客的使用模式和社会人口特征的基础上，收集使用结构化的工具。四个公园之间的观察活动和游客的社会人口特征的频率的差异进行了比较。定性数据，直接观察公园的特点和使用模式的基础上，通过数码摄影和分析，通过字幕。活动模式和社会人口特征的定量数据与公园和使用特征的定性数据相结合。研究中的每个公园的综合肖像都被生成。活动类型（久坐，散步，狗相关，骑自行车，和玩），公园使用模式（一天中的时间，一周中的一天），和社会人口特征（年龄组，社会群体）之间的四个公园不同。公园使用和活动的模式似乎与周围社区的社会人口特征以及每个公园特有的物理和社会环境特征有关。公园和社区的特点都会影响公园内的使用模式和体育活动。研究结果表明，在规划、开发和管理时，需要考虑公园周围社区的社会人口特征。让当地社区参与可以帮助规划者以反映社区居民需求和特点的方式开发和更新城市公园，从而鼓励游客参观和更多的体育活动。本文的在线版本（doi：10.1186/1471-2458-14-962）包含补充材料，可供授权用户使用。
Many characteristics of urban parks and neighbourhoods have been linked to patterns of physical activity, yet untangling these relationships to promote increased levels of physical activity presents methodological challenges. Based on qualitative and quantitative data, this article describes patterns of activity within urban parks and the socio-demographic characteristics of park visitors. It also accounts for these patterns in relation to the attributes of parks and their surrounding neighbourhoods. A multiple case study was undertaken that incorporated quantitative and qualitative data derived from first-hand observation in a purposive sample of four urban parks. Quantitative data, based on direct observation of visitors’ patterns of use and socio-demographic characteristics, were collected using a structured instrument. Differences in frequencies of observed activities and socio-demographic characteristics of visitors were compared between the four parks. Qualitative data, based on direct observation of park characteristics and patterns of use, were generated through digital photography and analyzed through captioning. Quantitative data on patterns in activity and socio-demographic characteristics were synthesized with the qualitative data on park and usage characteristics. A comprehensive portrait of each park in the study was generated. Activity types (sedentary, walking, dog-related, cycling, and play), patterns of park use (time of day, day of week), and socio-demographic characteristics (age group, social group) differed between the four parks. Patterns in park use and activity appeared to be associated with socio-demographic characteristics of the surrounding neighbourhoods as well as the physical and social environmental characteristics specific to each park. Both park and neighbourhood characteristics influence patterns of use and physical activity within parks. The study findings suggest that socio-demographic characteristics of neighbourhoods surrounding parks need be considered in planning, development and management. Engaging local communities could help planners to develop and update urban parks in ways that reflect the needs and characteristics of community residents and, in turn, encourage visits and more physical activity amongst visitors. The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/1471-2458-14-962) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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