Three-dimensional electron diffraction for porous crystalline materials: structural determination and beyond.
Three-dimensional electron diffraction for porous crystalline materials: structural determination and beyond.
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多孔晶体材料的三维电子衍射：结构测定及其他。
DOI：
10.1039/d0sc05731b
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发表时间：
2020-12-15
期刊：
影响因子：
8.4
通讯作者：
Zou X
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Huang Z;Willhammar T;Zou X
分子筛、金属有机骨架(MOF)和共价有机骨架(COF)等多孔晶体材料因其在分子尺度上具有良好的孔结构而引起人们的极大兴趣。了解多孔材料的原子结构对于理解其性质和探索其应用是至关重要的。许多多孔材料都是以多晶粉末的形式合成的，这些粉末太小，不能用X射线衍射法进行结构测定。发展了三维电子衍射(3DED)来研究这类材料。在这篇小的综述中，我们总结了3DED方法的最新进展，并展示了3DED如何革命性地改变了沸石、MOF和COF的结构分析。几十年来结构未知的沸石和MOF是可以解决的。可以开发设计和定向合成新型沸石的新方法。此外，我们还讨论了3DED结构分析在揭示其独特的结构特征和性质方面的进展，如杂原子分布、混合金属骨架、结构柔性、客主相互作用和结构转变等。三维电子衍射是精确确定沸石、MOF和COF晶体结构的有力工具，这些晶体太小而不能进行X射线衍射。通过揭示材料的结构细节，可以了解材料的性质，并可以设计新的材料和应用。
Porous crystalline materials such as zeolites, metal–organic frameworks (MOFs) and covalent organic frameworks (COFs) have attracted great interest due to their well-defined pore structures in molecular dimensions. Knowing the atomic structures of porous materials is crucial for understanding their properties and exploring their applications. Many porous materials are synthesized as polycrystalline powders, which are too small for structure determination by X-ray diffraction. Three-dimensional electron diffraction (3DED) has been developed for studying such materials. In this Minireview, we summarize the recent developments of 3DED methods and demonstrate how 3DED revolutionized structural analysis of zeolites, MOFs, and COFs. Zeolites and MOFs whose structures remained unknown for decades could be solved. New approaches for design and targeted synthesis of novel zeolites could be developed. Moreover, we discuss the advances of structural analysis by 3DED in revealing the unique structural features and properties, such as heteroatom distributions, mixed-metal frameworks, structural flexibility, guest–host interactions, and structure transformation. Three-dimensional electron diffraction is a powerful tool for accurate structure determination of zeolite, MOF, and COF crystals that are too small for X-ray diffraction. By revealing the structural details, the properties of the materials can be understood, and new materials and applications can be designed.
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