Networks of genetic similarity reveal non-neutral processes shape strain structure in Plasmodium falciparum.

Networks of genetic similarity reveal non-neutral processes shape strain structure in Plasmodium falciparum.
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DOI:
10.1038/s41467-018-04219-3
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发表时间:
2018-05-08
影响因子:
16.6
通讯作者:
Pascual M
Pascual M
中科院分区:
综合性期刊1区
文献类型:
--
作者:
He Q;Pilosof S;Tiedje KE;Ruybal-Pesántez S;Artzy-Randrup Y;Baskerville EB;Day KP;Pascual M

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病原体通过对抗原的免疫反应所赋予的交叉保护模式来竞争宿主。在恶性疟原虫疟疾中,编码主要血期抗原 PfEMP1 的 var 多基因家族通过异位重组和突变进化出了巨大的遗传多样性。每个基因组有 50-60 个 var 基因,目前尚不清楚免疫选择是否可以作为构建当地人群 var 库的主导力量。 var 系统的组合复杂性仍然超出了现有应变理论的范围,并且先前非随机结构的证据如果不与中性模型进行比较就无法证明免疫选择。我们开发了两种中性模型,涵盖疟疾流行病学,但排除寄生虫之间的竞争性相互作用。这些模型与遗传相似性网络相结合,揭示了模拟系统和加纳广泛抽样群体中的非中性菌株结构。我们确定的独特人口结构是非洲高流行地区的大型传播储存库特征的基础。疟原虫在 var 基因中进化出高度遗传多样性,该基因编码主要的血液阶段抗原。在这里,他等人。通过使用中性模型和遗传相似性网络,展示了免疫选择如何在模拟系统和加纳人群中塑造 var 基因库。
Pathogens compete for hosts through patterns of cross-protection conferred by immune responses to antigens. In Plasmodium falciparum malaria, the var multigene family encoding for the major blood-stage antigen PfEMP1 has evolved enormous genetic diversity through ectopic recombination and mutation. With 50–60 var genes per genome, it is unclear whether immune selection can act as a dominant force in structuring var repertoires of local populations. The combinatorial complexity of the var system remains beyond the reach of existing strain theory and previous evidence for non-random structure cannot demonstrate immune selection without comparison with neutral models. We develop two neutral models that encompass malaria epidemiology but exclude competitive interactions between parasites. These models, combined with networks of genetic similarity, reveal non-neutral strain structure in both simulated systems and an extensively sampled population in Ghana. The unique population structure we identify underlies the large transmission reservoir characteristic of highly endemic regions in Africa. Plasmodium has evolved high genetic diversity in var genes, which encode for the major blood-stage antigen. Here, He et al. show how immune selection shapes the var gene repertoire in both simulated systems and a population in Ghana, by using neutral models and genetic similarity networks.
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