Late presentation for human immunodeficiency virus care in the United States and Canada.
Late presentation for human immunodeficiency virus care in the United States and Canada.
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DOI:
10.1086/652650
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发表时间:
2010-06-01
期刊:
影响因子:
--
通讯作者:
Moore RD
中科院分区:
文献类型:
--
作者:
Althoff KN;Gange SJ;Klein MB;Brooks JT;Hogg RS;Bosch RJ;Horberg MA;Saag MS;Kitahata MM;Justice AC;Gebo KA;Eron JJ;Rourke SB;Gill MJ;Rodriguez B;Sterling TR;Calzavara LM;Deeks SG;Martin JN;Rachlis AR;Napravnik S;Jacobson LP;Kirk GD;Collier AC;Benson CA;Silverberg MJ;Kushel M;Goedert JJ;McKaig RG;Van Rompaey SE;Zhang J;Moore RD
Initiatives to improve early detection and access to HIV services have increased over time. We assessed the immune status of patients at initial presentation for HIV care from 1997-2007 in 13 US and Canadian clinical cohorts. We analyzed data from 44,491 HIV-infected patients enrolled in the North American – AIDS Cohort Collaboration on Research and Design. We identified first presentation for HIV care as the time of first CD4+ T-lymphocyte (CD4) measurement and excluded patients who prior to this date had HIV RNA measurements, evidence of antiretroviral exposure, or a history of AIDS-defining illness. Trends in mean CD4 count (measured as cells/mm3) and 95% confidence intervals ([,]) were determined using linear regression adjusted for age, gender, race/ethnicity, HIV transmission risk and cohort. Median age at first presentation for HIV care increased over time (range 40-43 years, p<0.01), while the proportion of patients with injection drug use HIV transmission risk decreased (26% to 14%, p<0.01) and heterosexual transmission risk increased (16% to 23%, p<0.01). Median CD4 at presentation increased from 256 (IQR: 96-455) to 317 (IQR: 135-517) in 1997 to 2007 (p<0.01). The proportion with a CD4 count ≥350 at first presentation also increased from 1997 to 2007 (38% to 46%, p=<0.01). The estimated adjusted mean CD4 count increased at a rate of 6 per year. CD4 count at first presentation for HIV care has increased annually over the past 11 years, but has remained <350 cells/mm3, suggesting the urgent need for earlier HIV diagnosis and treatment.
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