Phylogenomic and ecological analyses reveal the spatiotemporal evolution of global pines.
Phylogenomic and ecological analyses reveal the spatiotemporal evolution of global pines.
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DOI：
10.1073/pnas.2022302118
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发表时间：
2021-05-18
影响因子：
11.1
通讯作者：
Wang XQ
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Jin WT;Gernandt DS;Wehenkel C;Xia XM;Wei XX;Wang XQ
了解是什么决定了生物多样性的分布仍然是进化生物学和生态学的巨大挑战之一。北半球针叶树不遵循纬向多样性梯度，具有独特的分布格局，即大多数种类分布在中纬度地区。为了揭示这一模式背后的机制，我们研究了最大针叶树属松树的时空演化。研究发现，中纬度地区是松类物种的进化博物馆，地形对松类物种的多样性起着重要作用。此外，我们的研究结果表明，松树对温暖和稍干燥的栖息地的偏好可能有助于它们适应人类世气候变暖，这对生物多样性保护和森林管理具有重要意义。北半球的针叶林是如何进化的，这在很大程度上仍然是未知的。北半球的针叶树不同于大多数遵循纬度多样性梯度的生物群，大多数针叶树分布在中纬度的山区。中纬度地区究竟是针叶树的进化摇篮还是进化博物馆，以及进化和生态因素是如何推动其时空演化的，是一个非常重要的问题。本文以北温带针叶林中最大的针叶林属松树为研究对象，对其宏观进化特征进行了研究。利用来自转录组序列的1662个基因，我们重建了一个强健的物种系统发育，并重新估计了全球松树的分化时间。我们发现，现存的松树物种中有90%起源于中新世，这与松树的古老起源形成鲜明对比，表明了新近纪的再多样化。令人惊讶的是，中纬度地区的物种比其他纬度地区的物种要古老得多。这一发现与净多样化率分析相结合，表明中纬度地区为全球松树提供了一个进化博物馆。对31个环境变量的分析，以及生态位和表型性状的进化率与净多样化率的比较发现，地形对松木多样化起主要作用，而干旱指数对生态位率的变化起决定性作用。此外，火灾还促进了松林的多样化和适应性进化。我们的研究强调了整合系统基因组学和生态学方法在全球范围内解决生物类群进化的重要性。
Understanding what determines the distribution of biodiversity remains one of the great challenges in evolutionary biology and ecology. The Northern Hemisphere conifers do not follow a latitudinal diversity gradient and show a unique distribution pattern, that is most species are distributed at middle latitudes. To reveal the mechanisms underlying this pattern, we investigate the spatiotemporal evolution of the largest conifer genus Pinus. We find that the midlatitude region has been an evolutionary museum for Pinus, and particularly, topography has played the most important role in pine diversification. Moreover, our results indicate that pine’s preference of warm and somewhat drier habitats could be helpful for their adaptation to the Anthropocene climate warming, which is important for biodiversity conservation and forest management. How coniferous forests evolved in the Northern Hemisphere remains largely unknown. Unlike most groups of organisms that generally follow a latitudinal diversity gradient, most conifer species in the Northern Hemisphere are distributed in mountainous areas at middle latitudes. It is of great interest to know whether the midlatitude region has been an evolutionary cradle or museum for conifers and how evolutionary and ecological factors have driven their spatiotemporal evolution. Here, we investigated the macroevolution of Pinus, the largest conifer genus and characteristic of northern temperate coniferous forests, based on nearly complete species sampling. Using 1,662 genes from transcriptome sequences, we reconstructed a robust species phylogeny and reestimated divergence times of global pines. We found that ∼90% of extant pine species originated in the Miocene in sharp contrast to the ancient origin of Pinus, indicating a Neogene rediversification. Surprisingly, species at middle latitudes are much older than those at other latitudes. This finding, coupled with net diversification rate analysis, indicates that the midlatitude region has provided an evolutionary museum for global pines. Analyses of 31 environmental variables, together with a comparison of evolutionary rates of niche and phenotypic traits with a net diversification rate, found that topography played a primary role in pine diversification, and the aridity index was decisive for the niche rate shift. Moreover, fire has forced diversification and adaptive evolution of Pinus. Our study highlights the importance of integrating phylogenomic and ecological approaches to address evolution of biological groups at the global scale.
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DOI：
10.1093/bioinformatics/bts565
发表时间：
2012-12-01
期刊：
Bioinformatics (Oxford, England)
影响因子：
--
作者：
Fu L;Niu B;Zhu Z;Wu S;Li W
通讯作者：
Li W
影响因子：
3.4
作者：
Gernandt, DS;López, GG;Liston, A
通讯作者：
Liston, A
影响因子：
3.5
作者：
Badik, Kevin J.;Jahner, Joshua P.;Wilson, Joseph S.
通讯作者：
Wilson, Joseph S.
影响因子：
10.7
作者：
Hoang DT;Chernomor O;von Haeseler A;Minh BQ;Vinh LS
通讯作者：
Vinh LS
热带雨林的起源和全球多元化模式：从棕榈的完整属级系统发育中推断出来。
影响因子：
5.4
作者：
Couvreur TL;Forest F;Baker WJ
通讯作者：
Baker WJ