Groundwater springs formed during glacial retreat are a large source of methane in the high Arctic
Groundwater springs formed during glacial retreat are a large source of methane in the high Arctic
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冰川退缩期间形成的地下水泉是北极高地甲烷的重要来源
DOI：
10.1038/s41561-023-01210-6
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发表时间：
2023
影响因子：
18.3
通讯作者：
Kleber G
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Kleber G
北极高地的永久冻土和冰川形成了一个不可渗透的“冰冻圈帽”，它捕获了大量的地下甲烷，阻止它到达大气层。冰冻圈对气候变暖的脆弱性使得甲烷的释放成为可能。在斯瓦尔巴特群岛，气温上升的速度比北极平均速度快两倍多，冰川正在退缩，留下暴露的前田，使甲烷能够快速逃逸。在这里，我们记录了富含甲烷的地下水泉是如何在斯瓦尔巴群岛中部78个陆地终止冰川的最近发现的前田形成的，将深层甲烷气体带到地表。在2021年和2022年2月至5月期间从这些泉水中收集的沃茨中的甲烷过饱和度高达大气平衡的60万倍。空间采样揭示了地质依赖的程度上的甲烷过饱和，同位素证据的热源。我们估计，每年从冰前地下水甲烷排放量高达2.31千吨整个斯瓦尔巴群岛。对海洋终止冰川的进一步调查表明，随着这些冰川过渡到完全基于陆地的系统，未来的甲烷排放源。我们的研究结果表明，气候驱动的冰川退缩促进了甲烷的广泛释放，这是一个正反馈循环，可能在迅速变暖的北极其他地区普遍存在。
Permafrost and glaciers in the high Arctic form an impermeable ‘cryospheric cap’ that traps a large reservoir of subsurface methane, preventing it from reaching the atmosphere. Cryospheric vulnerability to climate warming is making releases of this methane possible. On Svalbard, where air temperatures are rising more than two times faster than the average for the Arctic, glaciers are retreating and leaving behind exposed forefields that enable rapid methane escape. Here we document how methane-rich groundwater springs have formed in recently revealed forefields of 78 land-terminating glaciers across central Svalbard, bringing deep-seated methane gas to the surface. Waters collected from these springs during February–May of 2021 and 2022 are supersaturated with methane up to 600,000 times greater than atmospheric equilibration. Spatial sampling reveals a geological dependency on the extent of methane supersaturation, with isotopic evidence of a thermogenic source. We estimate annual methane emissions from proglacial groundwaters to be up to 2.31 kt across the Svalbard archipelago. Further investigations into marine-terminating glaciers indicate future methane emission sources as these glaciers transition into fully land-based systems. Our findings reveal that climate-driven glacial retreat facilitates widespread release of methane, a positive feedback loop that is probably prevalent across other regions of the rapidly warming Arctic.
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影响因子：
16.6
作者：
Wallmann K;Riedel M;Hong WL;Patton H;Hubbard A;Pape T;Hsu CW;Schmidt C;Johnson JE;Torres ME;Andreassen K;Berndt C;Bohrmann G
通讯作者：
Bohrmann G
影响因子：
4.2
作者：
P. Betlem;Kim Senger;Andy Hodson
通讯作者：
P. Betlem;Kim Senger;Andy Hodson
DOI：
10.5194/tc-14-3829-2020
发表时间：
2020-11
期刊：
The Cryosphere
影响因子：
--
作者：
A. Hodson;A. Nowak;M. T. Hornum;K. Senger;K. Redeker;H. Christiansen;S. Jessen;P. Betlem;S. Thornton;A. Turchyn;S. Olaussen;A. Marca
通讯作者：
A. Hodson;A. Nowak;M. T. Hornum;K. Senger;K. Redeker;H. Christiansen;S. Jessen;P. Betlem;S. Thornton;A. Turchyn;S. Olaussen;A. Marca
影响因子：
5
作者：
Taylor D. Sullivan;A. Parsekian;Jane Sharp;P. Hanke;F. Thalasso;M. Shapley;M. Engram;K. W. Walter Anthony
通讯作者：
Taylor D. Sullivan;A. Parsekian;Jane Sharp;P. Hanke;F. Thalasso;M. Shapley;M. Engram;K. W. Walter Anthony
斯瓦尔巴群岛历史上的冰川变化预测到 2100 年冰川质量损失将增加一倍
影响因子：
64.8
作者：
Emily C. Geyman;Ward J. J. van Pelt;A. Maloof;H. F. Aas;J. Kohler
通讯作者：
J. Kohler