Selective catalytic oxidation of ammonia to nitric oxide via chemical looping.

Selective catalytic oxidation of ammonia to nitric oxide via chemical looping.
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通过化学循环将氨选择性催化氧化为一氧化氮

DOI:
10.1038/s41467-022-28370-0
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发表时间:
2022-02-07
影响因子:
16.6
通讯作者:
Wang X
Wang X
中科院分区:
综合性期刊1区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Ruan C;Wang X;Wang C;Zheng L;Li L;Lin J;Liu X;Li F;Wang X

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在铂族金属合金网上将氨选择性氧化为一氧化氮是硝酸生产的关键步骤,硝酸是一种具有百年历史的温室气体和资本密集型工艺。因此,开发对环境影响小、催化剂成本低的氨氧化替代技术具有重要意义。在这里,我们提出并论证了一种化学循环氨氧化催化剂和工艺,以取代昂贵的贵金属催化剂,减少温室气体排放。在650℃下,使用非贵重的V2O5氧化还原催化剂,该工艺具有接近完全的NH3转化和卓越的NO选择性,而N2O的生成量可以忽略不计。操纵面光谱技术和密度泛函理论计算指向了一个修正的、时间上分离的MARS-van Krevelen机制,其特点是一个可逆的V5+/V4+氧化还原循环。V- = -O中心可能是催化氧化产物形成的活性中心。同时,V- = -O和双配位氧都参与了氢转移过程。这种优异的性能源于连续氢抽提的低活化能、易生成NO以及易再生的V = O物种。我们的结果突出了一个转变过程,将化学循环战略扩展到以可持续和具有成本效益的方式生产基础化学品。
Selective oxidation of ammonia to nitric oxide over platinum-group metal alloy gauzes is the crucial step for nitric acid production, a century-old yet greenhouse gas and capital intensive process. Therefore, developing alternative ammonia oxidation technologies with low environmental impacts and reduced catalyst cost are of significant importance. Herein, we propose and demonstrate a chemical looping ammonia oxidation catalyst and process to replace the costly noble metal catalysts and to reduce greenhouse gas emission. The proposed process exhibit near complete NH3conversion and exceptional NO selectivity with negligible N2O production, using nonprecious V2O5redox catalyst at 650oC. Operando spectroscopy techniques and density functional theory calculations point towards a modified, temporally separated Mars-van Krevelen mechanism featuring a reversible V5+/V4+redox cycle. The V = O sites are suggested to be the catalytically active center leading to the formation of the oxidation products. Meanwhile, both V = O and doubly coordinated oxygen participate in the hydrogen transfer process. The outstanding performance originates from the low activation energies for the successive hydrogen abstraction, facile NO formation as well as the easy regeneration of V = O species. Our results highlight a transformational process in extending the chemical looping strategy to producing base chemicals in a sustainable and cost-effective manner.
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