Mechanisms of viral mutation.
Mechanisms of viral mutation.
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DOI：
10.1007/s00018-016-2299-6
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发表时间：
2016-12
影响因子：
8
通讯作者：
Domingo-Calap, Pilar
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Sanjuan, Rafael;Domingo-Calap, Pilar
关键词：
一些病毒适应新宿主和环境的非凡能力高度依赖于它们在短时间内产生从头多样性的能力。病毒的自发突变率差别很大。RNA病毒比DNA病毒变异快，单链病毒比双链病毒变异快，基因组大小似乎与突变率呈负相关。病毒突变率在不同水平上调节，包括聚合酶保真度、序列背景、模板二级结构、细胞微环境、复制机制、校对和获得复制后修复。此外，大量的突变可以通过一些病毒编码的多样性产生元件以及宿主编码的胞苷/腺嘌呤脱氨酶引入。我们目前对病毒突变率的了解表明，病毒遗传多样性是由多种病毒和宿主依赖性过程决定的，病毒突变率可以在特定的选择压力下进化。
The remarkable capacity of some viruses to adapt to new hosts and environments is highly dependent on their ability to generate de novo diversity in a short period of time. Rates of spontaneous mutation vary amply among viruses. RNA viruses mutate faster than DNA viruses, single-stranded viruses mutate faster than double-strand virus, and genome size appears to correlate negatively with mutation rate. Viral mutation rates are modulated at different levels, including polymerase fidelity, sequence context, template secondary structure, cellular microenvironment, replication mechanisms, proofreading, and access to post-replicative repair. Additionally, massive numbers of mutations can be introduced by some virus-encoded diversity-generating elements, as well as by host-encoded cytidine/adenine deaminases. Our current knowledge of viral mutation rates indicates that viral genetic diversity is determined by multiple virus- and host-dependent processes, and that viral mutation rates can evolve in response to specific selective pressures.
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DOI：
10.1073/pnas.1111650108
发表时间：
2011-09-20
影响因子：
11.1
作者：
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