What do I want and when do I want it: brain correlates of decisions made for self and other.
What do I want and when do I want it: brain correlates of decisions made for self and other.
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DOI：
10.1371/journal.pone.0073531
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发表时间：
2013
期刊：
影响因子：
3.7
通讯作者：
von Cramon DY
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Albrecht K;Volz KG;Sutter M;von Cramon DY
最近的一系列关于跨期选择行为的功能性磁共振成像（fMRI）研究表明，与（较大的）延迟奖励相比，所谓的情绪和奖励相关的大脑区域优先被涉及立即可用（但较小）奖励的决策激活。然而，当跨期选择另一个（未知的）个体时，这种激活模式并没有出现，这说明这种激活是由自我关联触发的。在目前的功能磁共振成像研究中，我们调查了被动观察跨期选择的个体的大脑相关性，这些选择是为自己还是为一个未知的人做出的。我们发现，当观察者自己有可能获得即时奖励时，腹侧纹状体、内侧前额叶和眶额皮质、膝前前扣带回皮质和后扣带回皮质的激活程度更高，这与研究结果一致，研究发现，个体会主动选择即时可用的奖励。此外，无论谁是受益人，包括即时选项的选择比只提供延迟选项的选择在背侧前扣带皮层、后扣带皮层和楔前叶的激活更高。这些结果表明：（1）当仅仅观察到相同的决策时，在主动跨期决策中发现的激活也存在，从而支持了一个强大的大脑网络参与即时满足的假设;（2）在即时奖励的情况下，无论观察者还是另一个人是决策的受益者，这表明即时性对神经激活起着更普遍的作用。对参与者与所选奖励相对应的大脑激活的探索性分析进一步表明，上述大脑区域的激活取决于即时奖励的存在、可用性或实际接收。
A number of recent functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging (fMRI) studies on intertemporal choice behavior have demonstrated that so-called emotion- and reward-related brain areas are preferentially activated by decisions involving immediately available (but smaller) rewards as compared to (larger) delayed rewards. This pattern of activation was not seen, however, when intertemporal choices were made for another (unknown) individual, which speaks to that activation having been triggered by self-relatedness. In the present fMRI study, we investigated the brain correlates of individuals who passively observed intertemporal choices being made either for themselves or for an unknown person. We found higher activation within the ventral striatum, medial prefrontal and orbitofrontal cortex, pregenual anterior cingulate cortex, and posterior cingulate cortex when an immediate reward was possible for the observer herself, which is in line with findings from studies in which individuals actively chose immediately available rewards. Additionally, activation in the dorsal anterior cingulate cortex, posterior cingulate cortex, and precuneus was higher for choices that included immediate options than for choices that offered only delayed options, irrespective of who was to be the beneficiary. These results indicate that (1) the activations found in active intertemporal decision making are also present when the same decisions are merely observed, thus supporting the assumption that a robust brain network is engaged in immediate gratification; and (2) with immediate rewards, certain brain areas are activated irrespective of whether the observer or another person is the beneficiary of a decision, suggesting that immediacy plays a more general role for neural activation. An explorative analysis of participants’ brain activation corresponding to chosen rewards, further indicates that activation in the aforementioned brain areas depends on the mere presence, availability, or actual reception of immediate rewards.
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DOI：
10.1523/jneurosci.0919-12.2013
发表时间：
2013-01-02
期刊：
The Journal of neuroscience : the official journal of the Society for Neuroscience
影响因子：
--
作者：
Jimura K;Chushak MS;Braver TS
通讯作者：
Braver TS
影响因子：
25
作者：
Kable, Joseph W.;Glimcher, Paul W.
通讯作者：
Glimcher, Paul W.
影响因子：
5.7
作者：
FRISTON, KJ;HOLMES, AP;TURNER, R
通讯作者：
TURNER, R
影响因子：
13.7
作者：
Laibson, D
通讯作者：
Laibson, D
DOI：
10.1523/jneurosci.3214-10.2011
发表时间：
2011-01-05
期刊：
The Journal of neuroscience : the official journal of the Society for Neuroscience
影响因子：
--
作者：
Levy I;Lazzaro SC;Rutledge RB;Glimcher PW
通讯作者：
Glimcher PW