Accurate determination of the scattering length of erbium atoms

Accurate determination of the scattering length of erbium atoms
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准确测定铒原子的散射长度

DOI:
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发表时间:
2021
期刊:
影响因子:
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通讯作者:
F. Ferlaino
F. Ferlaino
中科院分区:
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文献类型:
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作者:
A. Patscheider;L. Chomaz;G. Natale;D. Petter;M. Mark;S. Baier;B. Yang;R. Wang;J. Bohn;F. Ferlaino

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准确了解散射长度是超冷量子气体实验的基础,对于系统的表征以及与理论模型进行有意义的比较至关重要。在这里,我们对四种最高丰度的铒同位素在0G到5G的磁场范围内的s波散射长度$a_s$进行了仔细的表征。我们报告了跨维热化测量结果,并应用Enskog变化方程对热化过程进行了数值模拟,并从实验数据中解析地提取了所谓的每次再热化碰撞次数(NCPR)的表达式,以获得$a_s$。我们用实验要求更高的晶格调制光谱对应用的跨维热化技术进行了基准测试,并发现我们的参数范围很好地吻合。我们的实验与NCPR与$a_s$的依赖是相容的,正如理论上在强偶极气体的情况下所期望的那样。令人惊讶的是,我们在实验中观察到NCPR与密度的依赖关系,这可能是由于偏离理想的谐波俘获构型而引起的。最后,我们应用了背景散射长度与同位素质量关系的模型,以估计铒的束缚态数。
An accurate knowledge of the scattering length is fundamental in ultracold quantum gas experiments and essential for the characterisation of the system as well as for a meaningful comparison to theoretical models. Here, we perform a careful characterisation of the s-wave scattering length $a_s$ for the four highest-abundance isotopes of erbium, in the magnetic field range from 0G to 5G. We report on cross-dimensional thermalization measurements and apply the Enskog equations of change to numerically simulate the thermalization process and to analytically extract an expression for the so-called number of collisions per re-thermalization (NCPR) to obtain $a_s$ from our experimental data. We benchmark the applied cross-dimensional thermalization technique with the experimentally more demanding lattice modulation spectroscopy and find good agreement for our parameter regime. Our experiments are compatible with a dependence of the NCPR with $a_s$, as theoretically expected in the case of strongly dipolar gases. Surprisingly, we experimentally observe a dependency of the NCPR on the density, which might arise due to deviations from an ideal harmonic trapping configuration. Finally, we apply a model for the dependency of the background scattering length with the isotope mass, allowing to estimate the number of bound states of erbium.
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