ORF3a of SARS-CoV-2 promotes lysosomal exocytosis-mediated viral egress.

ORF3a of SARS-CoV-2 promotes lysosomal exocytosis-mediated viral egress.
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SARS-CoV-2 的 ORF3a 促进溶酶体胞吐作用介导的病毒流出

DOI:
10.1016/j.devcel.2021.10.006
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发表时间:
2021-12-06
期刊:
影响因子:
11.8
通讯作者:
Zhang H
Zhang H
中科院分区:
生物学1区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Chen D;Zheng Q;Sun L;Ji M;Li Y;Deng H;Zhang H

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病毒的进出是决定病毒感染性和致病性的重要因素。β-冠状病毒,包括COVID-19病毒SARS-CoV-2和小鼠肝炎病毒(MHV),利用溶酶体胞吐途径外出。在这里,我们表明,SARS-CoV-2 ORF 3a,而不是SARS-CoV ORF 3a,促进溶酶体胞吐。SARS-CoV-2 ORF 3a促进BORC-ARL 8b复合物的溶酶体靶向,BORC-ARL 8b复合物介导溶酶体向质膜附近的运输,以及胞吐相关的SNARE蛋白。Ca 2+通道TRPML 3是SARS-CoV-2 ORF 3a介导的溶酶体胞吐作用所必需的。SARS-CoV-2 ORF 3a的表达极大地提高了被冠状病毒MHV-A59感染的细胞中的细胞外病毒释放,而MHV-A59本身缺乏ORF 3a。在SARS-CoV-2 ORF 3a中,Ser 171和Trp 193对于促进溶酶体胞吐和阻断自噬至关重要。当这些残基被引入SARS-CoV ORF 3a中时,它获得了促进溶酶体胞吐和抑制自噬的能力。我们的研究结果揭示了SARS-CoV-2与宿主因子相互作用以促进其细胞外排出的机制。Chen等人证明SARS-CoV-2的ORF 3a,而不是SARS-CoV,通过促进BORC-ARL 8b复合物和胞吐相关SNARE蛋白的溶酶体靶向来促进溶酶体胞吐。171和193位残基是SARS-CoV-2和SARS-CoV ORF 3a在溶酶体胞吐和自噬抑制中差异功能的关键决定因素。
Viral entry and egress are important determinants of virus infectivity and pathogenicity. β-coronaviruses, including the COVID-19 virus SARS-CoV-2 and mouse hepatitis virus (MHV), exploit the lysosomal exocytosis pathway for egress. Here, we show that SARS-CoV-2 ORF3a, but not SARS-CoV ORF3a, promotes lysosomal exocytosis. SARS-CoV-2 ORF3a facilitates lysosomal targeting of the BORC-ARL8b complex, which mediates trafficking of lysosomes to the vicinity of the plasma membrane, and exocytosis-related SNARE proteins. The Ca2+ channel TRPML3 is required for SARS-CoV-2 ORF3a-mediated lysosomal exocytosis. Expression of SARS-CoV-2 ORF3a greatly elevates extracellular viral release in cells infected with the coronavirus MHV-A59, which itself lacks ORF3a. In SARS-CoV-2 ORF3a, Ser171 and Trp193 are critical for promoting lysosomal exocytosis and blocking autophagy. When these residues are introduced into SARS-CoV ORF3a, it acquires the ability to promote lysosomal exocytosis and inhibit autophagy. Our results reveal a mechanism by which SARS-CoV-2 interacts with host factors to promote its extracellular egress. Chen et al. demonstrate that ORF3a of SARS-CoV-2, but not SARS-CoV, promotes lysosomal exocytosis by promoting lysosomal targeting of the BORC-ARL8b complex and exocytosis-related SNARE proteins. The residues at 171 and 193 are key determinants of the differential function of SARS-CoV-2 and SARS-CoV ORF3a in lysosomal exocytosis and autophagy inhibition.
DOI: 10.1038/ncb3114
发表时间: 2015-03
影响因子: 21.3
作者:
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DOI: 10.1083/jcb.201102045
发表时间: 2011-08-08
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影响因子: --
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通过SARS-COV-2进入细胞。
DOI: 10.1016/j.tibs.2021.06.001
发表时间: 2021-10
影响因子: 13.8
作者:
Peng R;Wu LA;Wang Q;Qi J;Gao GF
通讯作者: Gao GF